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Robust Magnetized Oil Palm Leaves Ash Nanosilica Composite as Lipase Support: Immobilization Protocol and Efficacy Study

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Abstract

Strategies to immobilize the individual enzymes are crucial for enhancing catalytic applicability and require a controlled immobilization process. Herein, protocol for immobilizing Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) onto modified magnetic silica derived from oil palm leaves ash (OPLA) was optimized for the effects of concentration of CRL, immobilization time, and temperature, monitored by titrimetric and spectrometric methods. XRD and TGA-DTG spectrometric observations indicated that OPLA-silica was well coated over magnetite (SiO2-MNPs) and CRLs were uniformly bound by covalent bonds to SiO2-MNPs (CRL/Gl-A-SiO2-MNPs). The optimized immobilization protocol showed that in the preparation of CRL/Gl-A-SiO2-MNPs, CRL with 68.3 mg/g protein loading and 74.6 U/g specific activity was achieved using 5 mg/mL of CRL, with an immobilization time of 12 h at 25 °C. The present work also demonstrated that acid-pretreated OPLA is a potential source of renewable silica, envisioning its applicability for practical use in enzymatic catalysis on solid support.

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Abbreviations

APTES:

3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane

CRL:

Candida rugosa lipase

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

1H NMR:

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance

BET:

Brunauer–Emmett–Teller

BJH:

Barret–Joyner–Halenda

OPL:

Oil palm leaves

OPLA:

Oil palm leaves ash

MNPs:

Magnetic nanoparticles

GC:

Gas chromatography

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analysis

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

TEOS:

Tetraethyl orthosilicate

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme from the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (R.J130000.7826.4F649) and Research University Grant Scheme (Q.J130000.2526.13H09) from the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Science Laboratory Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B. 1012, Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State, Nigeria

    Emmanuel Onoja

  2. Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Emmanuel Onoja & Roswanira Abdul Wahab

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Roswanira Abdul Wahab

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  1. Emmanuel Onoja
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Correspondence to Emmanuel Onoja or Roswanira Abdul Wahab.

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Onoja, E., Wahab, R.A. Robust Magnetized Oil Palm Leaves Ash Nanosilica Composite as Lipase Support: Immobilization Protocol and Efficacy Study. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 192, 585–599 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-020-03348-0

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