Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cobitis derzhavini sp. nova—a New Spined Loach Species (Teleostei: Cobitidae) Discovered in the Transcaucasia

  • Published:
Journal of Ichthyology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study of spined loaches from the southwestern Caspian Sea basin revealed one new species. Cobitis derzhavini sp. nova is described from the lower Kura River drainage in the Ganja-Qazakh region of Azerbaijan. It is distinguished from the most of its congeners distributed in the Caucasus and in the Caspian Sea basin (C. saniae, C. faridpaki, C. satunini, and C. taenia) by the absence of an obvious dark spot at the uppermost caudal-fin base, as well as by a combination of other morphological features, none of them unique. In the Agstafa River Cobitis derzhavini sp. nova is found sympatrically distributed with C. saniae, its closest relatives in our molecular dataset. These species form separate phylogenetic lineages with high support (PP 0.9 for COI and 1.0 for RAG1). In addition, their reproductive isolation is confirmed by the karyological differences: C. derzhavini sp. nova has 8 meta- and 12 submetacentric chromosomes in its karyotype against 6 meta- and 14 submetacentric chromosomes in C. saniae. Besides the dark spot at the uppermost caudal-fin base developed in the C. saniae, C. derzhavini sp. nova differs from this species by having the plate of lamina circularis reaching in front of ¾ of the third segment of the attached ray, blotches in Z4 smaller than eye diameter, shallow adipose crests on the caudal peduncle, and a shorter caudal peduncle (10–14% SL).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10.
Fig. 11.
Fig. 12.
Fig. 13.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Abdurakhmanov, Yu.A., Ryby presnykh vod Azerbaidzhana (Freshwater Fishes of Azerbaijan), Baku: Akad. Nauk AzSSR, 1962.

  2. Barach, G.P., Fauna Gruzii. Tom 1. Presnovodnye ryby (Fauna of Georgia, Vol. 1: Freshwater Fishes), Tbilisi: Akad. Nauk GruzSSR, 1941.

  3. Bohlen, J., Perdices, A., Doadrio, I., and Economidis, P.S., Vicariance, colonization, and fast local speciation in Asia Minor and the Balkans as revealed from the phylogeny of spined loaches (Osteichthyes; Cobitidae), Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2006, vol. 39, pp. 552–561.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bogutskaya, N.G., Naseka, A.M., Shedko, S.V., et al., The fishes of the Amur River: updated check-list and zoogeography, Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, 2008, vol. 19, no 4, pp. 301–366.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Burland, T.G., DNASTAR’s Lasergene sequence analysis software, Methods Mol. Biol., 1999, vol. 132, pp. 71–91.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chen, Y.-X., Chen, H., He, D.-K., and Chen, Y.-F., Two new species of the genus Cobitis (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from South China, Zool. Syst., 2018, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 156–168.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Choleva, L., Musilova, Z., Kohoutova-Sediva, et al., Distinguishing between incomplete lineage sorting and genomic introgressions: complete fixation of allospecific mitochondrial DNA in a sexually reproducing fish (Cobitis; Teleostei), despite clonal reproduction of hybrids, PLoS One, 2014, vol. 9, no. 6, p. E80641

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Derzhavin, A.N., Katalog presnovodnykh ryb Azerbaidzhana (Catalog of Freshwater Fish of Azerbaijan), Baku: Akad. Nauk AzSSR, 1949.

  9. Eagderi, S., Jouladeh-Roudbar, A., Jalili, P., et al., Taxonomic status of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Cobitidae) in the southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran with description of a new species, FishTaxa, 2017, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 48–61.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Elanidze, R.F., Ryby rek i ozer Gruzii (Ichthyofauna of Rivers and Lakes of Georgia), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, 1983.

  11. Erk’akan, F., Özdemir, F., and Özeren, S.C., Two new species of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey, FishTaxa, 2017, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 82–89.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Freyhof, J., Bayçelebí, E., and Geiger, M., Review of the genus Cobitis in the Middle East, with the description of eight new species (Teleostei: Cobitidae), Zootaxa, 2018, vol. 4535, no 1, pp. 1–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Geiger, M.F., Freshwater Diversity Identification for Europe (FREDIE). https://www.fredie.eu/.

  14. Geiger, M.F., Herder, F., Monaghan, M.T., et al., Spatial heterogeneity in the Mediterranean Biodiversity Hotspot affects barcoding accuracy of its freshwater fishes, Mol. Ecol. Res., 2014, vol. 14, pp. 1210–1221.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Hall, T.A., BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT, Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser., 1999, vol. 41, pp. 95–98.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. International barcode of life (IBOL). https://ibol.org/.

  17. Ivanova, N.V., DeWaard, J., and Hebert, P.D.N., An inexpensive, automation friendly protocol for recovering high quality DNA, Mol. Ecol. Notes, 2006, vol. 6, pp. 998–1002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Jouladeh-Roudbar, A., Eagderi, S., Sayyadzadeh, G., and Esmaeili, H.R., Cobitis keyvani, a junior synonym of Cobitis faridpaki (Teleostei: Cobitidae), Zootaxa, 2017, vol. 4244, no. 1, pp. 118 –126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Kasymov, A.G., Gidrofauna Nizhnei Kury i Mingechaurskogo vodokhranilitsha (Hydrofauna of the lower Kura and Mingechaur Reservoir), Baku: Akad. Nauk AzSSR, 1965.

  20. Kazancheev, E.N., Ryby Kaspiiskogo morya (Fishes of the Caspian Sea), Moscow: Legkaya Pishchevaya Prom-st, 1981.

  21. Knebelsberger, T., Dunz, A.R., Neumann, D., and Geiger, M.F., Molecular diversity of Germany’s freshwater fishes and lampreys assessed by DNA, Mol. Ecol. Res., 2015, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 562–572.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Kottelat, M. and Freyhof, J., Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes, Berlin: Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lanfear, R., Calcott, B., Ho, S.Y.W., and Guindon, S., PartitionFinder: combined selection of partitioning schemes and substitution models for phylogenetic analyses, Mol. Biol. Evol., 2012, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1695–1701.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vasil’eva, E.D., Vatandoust, S., and Vasil’ev, V.P., Cobitis faridpaki sp. nova—a new spined loach species (Cobitidae) from the southern Caspian Sea basin (Iran), J. Ichthyol., 2011, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 925–931.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vatandoust, S., Esmaeili, H.R., et al., Cobitis avicennae, a new species of spined loach from the Tigris River drainage (Teleostei: Cobitidae), Zootaxa, 2015, vol. 3914, no. 5, pp. 558–568.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Nakajima, J., Cobitis takenoi sp. n. (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae): a new spined loach from Honshu Island, Japan, ZooKeys, 2016, vol. 568, pp. 119–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Naseka, A.M., Zoogeographical freshwater divisions of the Caucasus as a part of the West Asian transitional region, Tr. Zool. Inst.,Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2010, vol. 314, no. 4, pp. 469–492.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Ninua, N.Sh. and Japoshvili, B.O., Check list of fishes of Georgia, Tr. Inst. Zool.,Tbilisi, 2008, vol. 23, pp. 163–176.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Perdices, A. and Doadrio, I., The molecular systematics and biogeography of the European cobitids based on mitochondrial DNA sequences, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2001, vol. 19, pp. 468–478.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Perdices, A., Bohlen, J., and Doadrio, I., The molecular diversity of Adriatic spined loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae), Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2008, vol. 46, pp. 382–390.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Perdices, A., Bohlen, J., Šlechtová, V., and Doadrio, I., Molecular evidence for multiple origins of the European spined loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae), PLoS One, 2016, vol. 11, no. 1. pp. 1–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Perdices, A., Ozeren, C.S., Erkakan, F., and Freyhof, J., Diversity of spined loaches from Asia Minor in a phylogenetic context (Teleostei: Cobitidae), PLoS One, 2018, vol. 13, no. 10, p. e0205678.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Rambaut, A. and Drummond, A.J., Tracer v1.5, 2007. http://www.beast.bio.ed.ac.uk/Tracer.

  34. Ronquist, F. and Huelsenbeck, J.P., MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models, Bioinformatics, 2003, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 1572–1574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Saitoh, K. and Aizawa, H., Local differentiation within the striated spined loach (the striata type of Cobitis taenia complex), Jpn. J. Ichthyol., 1987, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 334–345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F., and Maniatis, T., Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Lab., 1989, 2nd ed.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Shorthouse, D.P., SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps, 2010. https://www.simplemappr.net. Accessed June 23, 2019.

  38. Šlechtová, V., Jr., Bohlen, J., and Tan, H.H., Families of Cobitoidea (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) as revealed from nuclear genetic data and the position of the mysterious genera Barbucca, Psilorhynchus, Serpenticobitis, and Vaillantella,Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2007, vol. 44, pp. 1358–1365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Šlechtová, V., Bohlen, J., and Perdices, A., Molecular phylogeny of the freshwater fish family Cobitidae (Cypriniformes: Teleostei): Delimitation of genera, mitochondrial introgression and evolution of sexual dimorphism, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2008, vol. 47, pp. 812–831.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Stamatis, C., Ketsetzi, A., Chamoglou, M., et al., The Genetics of Genus Cobitis of Lake Karla, Thessaly: Univ. of Thessaly, 2017.

  41. Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., et al., MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods, Mol. Biol. Evol., 2011, vol. 28, pp. 2731–2739.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Thalinger, B., Oehm, J., Mayr, H. et al., Molecular prey identification in Central European piscivores, Mol. Ecol. Res., 2016, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 123–137.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Vasil’ev, V.P., Karyological diversity and taxonomic heterogeneity of Cobitis “taenia” (Cobitidae), Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 1995, vol. 342, no. 6, pp. 839–842

    Google Scholar 

  44. Vasil’eva, E.D., Comparative morphological analysis of two spined loach (genus Cobitis, Cobitidae) populations differ in a number of spots at the base of the caudal fin, Vopr. Ikhtiol., 1984, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 43–53.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Vasil’eva, E.D., Redescription, morpho-ecological characteristics and distribution of Cobitis granoei (Teleostei, Cobitidae), Zool. Zh., 1988, vol. 67, no. 7, pp. 1025–1037.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Vasil’eva, E.D., Fam. 16. Cobitidae Swainson, 1839—cobitids, in Annotirovannyi katalog kruglorotykh i ryb kontinental’nykh vod Rossii (Annotated Check-List of Cyclostomata and Fishes of the Continental Waters of Russia), Moscow: Nauka, 1998.

  47. Vasil’eva, E.D. and Vasil’ev, V.P., Cobitis amphilekta sp. nova, a new species of spined loaches (Cobitidae, Cypriniformes) from the Caspian Sea basin, J. Ichthyol., 2012, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 200–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Vasil’eva, E.D. and Vasil’ev, V.P., Natural hybridization between spined loaches from the genera Cobitis and Sabanejewia (Cobitidae), J. Ichthyol., 2019, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 776–785.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Vasil’eva, E.D., Kim, D., Vasil’ev, V.P. et al., Cobitis nalbanti, a new species of spined loach from South Korea, and redescription of Cobitis lutheri (Teleostei: Cobitidae), Zootaxa, 2016, vol. 4208, no. 6, pp. 577–591.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Vasilyeva, E.D., Solovyeva, E.N., Levin, B.A., and Vasil’ev, V.P. Taxonomic diversity of spined loaches (Cobitidae: Cobitis) in the Caucasus, Proc. XVI European Congr. of Ichthyology, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/conf.fmars.2019.07.00097.

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are deeply grateful to Artem Kidov for several samples of spined loaches from Azerbaijan provided by him as well as to Namig Mustafayev for his help in the field.

Funding

Scientific investigations of EV and ES are supported by the State Project of ZMMU АААА-А16- 116021660077-3, BL was supported by grant of Russian Foundation for Basic Research (19-04-00719).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    E. D. Vasil’eva & E. N. Solovyeva

  2. Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia

    B. A. Levin

  3. Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Vologda oblast, Russia

    B. A. Levin

  4. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    V. P. Vasil’ev

Authors
  1. E. D. Vasil’eva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. N. Solovyeva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. B. A. Levin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. V. P. Vasil’ev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. D. Vasil’eva.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Statement on the welfare of animals. All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Vasil’eva, E.D., Solovyeva, E.N., Levin, B.A. et al. Cobitis derzhavini sp. nova—a New Spined Loach Species (Teleostei: Cobitidae) Discovered in the Transcaucasia. J. Ichthyol. 60, 135–153 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945220020198

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945220020198

Keywords:

Search

Navigation