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Extremely high concentrations of zinc in birch tree leaves collected in Chelyabinsk, Russia

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Abstract

Zinc is an essential trace element and a vital microelement for human health. Zinc can be toxic when exposures exceed physiological needs. Toxic effects in humans are most evident from inhalation exposure to high concentrations of Zn compounds. Urban air pollution can be especially dangerous due to the Zn content in airborne dust. Tree leaves can absorb significant levels of zinc. In this study, leaf deposition of Zn was investigated in Chelyabinsk, Russia. Russian zinc production plant and metallurgical plant are located in Chelyabinsk. Extremely high concentrations of Zn (316–4000 mg kg−1) were found in the leaves of birch trees. It is well known that traffic also is Zn source in an urban environment. Trees, growing at the different distances from zinc production and metallurgical plants and road to identify the contribution of each source (road or industry), were studied. Through SEM analysis, the prevalence of small particulates (PM10 and less), containing Zn, illustrated leaf Zn deposition from the air by passing root accumulation. It was shown that emission of zinc production plant and the metallurgical plant is the main source of leaf Zn deposition in Chelyabinsk.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the head of laboratory Aleksandra Bulanova Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre, SUSU) for SEM measurements. This research was funded by Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Grant No. 2020-0022).

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  1. Chemistry Department, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospect, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080

    Tatyana G. Krupnova, Olga V. Rakova, Elizaveta G. Antoshkina, Evgeny O. Baranov, Anastasia P. Dmitrieva & Anna V. Somova

  2. South Urals Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miass, Russia, 456317

    Svetlana V. Gavrilkina

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Krupnova, T.G., Rakova, O.V., Gavrilkina, S.V. et al. Extremely high concentrations of zinc in birch tree leaves collected in Chelyabinsk, Russia. Environ Geochem Health 43, 2551–2570 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00605-3

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