Abstract
This article reviews the common well cements and describes the basic nature of the cement-formation bond in zonal isolation and its effects on the mechanical and hydraulic performance. The cements are Classes G and H Portland well cements. The cement-formation interface bonding mechanism is a combination of the mechanical indentation of the cement hydrates that interlock to the formation surface and the chemical reactions that occur between the cement slurry and constituents of the rock grains. Mechanical indentation occurs as the hydration products epitaxially grow at the formation surface. The degree to which each of these processes accounts for the formation of the bond is unknown. Here we provide a review of well cement and cement-formation bonds and a discussion of the possible factors that are proposed to influence the microstructural, chemical, and mineralogical properties at the cement-formation interface. In addition, we present some findings about how these factors affect the mechanical and hydraulic performance of the cement-formation bond in zonal isolation.
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 51774258 and 41972326), the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (grant no. 2017ZX05009003-003), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (grant no. CUGQYZX1710).
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