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Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2020; 33(05): 301-307
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709505
Original Research

Biomechanical Effects of Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy on Joint Instability in Normal Canine Stifles: An In Vitro Study

Masakazu Shimada
1   Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
,
Tetsuya Takagi
2   The Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
,
Nobuo Kanno
1   Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
,
Satoshi Yamakawa
2   The Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
,
Hiromichi Fujie
2   The Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
,
Tom Ichinohe
1   Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
3   Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
,
Shuji Suzuki
1   Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
,
Yasuji Harada
1   Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
,
Yasushi Hara
1   Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract

Objective The aim of the study was to determine the changes in biomechanical characteristics following tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) using simulated manual tests.

Study Design Twenty-one stifles from healthy Beagle dogs that had undergone TPLO or had not (control) were first tested in the intact form, and then the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) was transected in each to provide four test situations: control-intact, control-CrCL-transected, TPLO-intact and TPLO-CrCL-transected. The stifles were then analysed using a robotic joint biomechanical testing system. The craniocaudal drawer, axial rotation and proximal compression tests were applied.

Results The craniocaudal displacement during the drawer test was not significantly different between the control-intact and TPLO-intact. However, the displacement was significantly greater in the TPLO-CrCL-transected than in the control-intact. In the axial rotation test, the internal–external (IE) rotation was significantly greater in the TPLO-intact than in the control-intact. Similarly, the IE rotation was significantly greater in the TPLO-CrCL-transected than in the control-CrCL-transected. In the proximal compression test, craniocaudal displacement was not significantly different among the control-intact, TPLO-intact and TPLO-CrCL-transected.

Conclusion These findings suggest that TPLO influences the tension of the collateral ligaments and might generate laxity of the tibiofemoral joint. Instability after the osteotomy might be associated with the progression of osteoarthritis.

Keywords

dog - biomechanical effect - six-degree-of-freedom robotic testing system - cranial cruciate ligament - tibial plateau levelling osteotomy

Authors' Contributions

All authors contributed to conception of study, study design, acquisition of data and data analysis and interpretation. All authors also drafted, revised and approved the submitted manuscript.




Publication History

Received: 15 April 2019

Accepted: 24 February 2020

Article published online:
13 April 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York

 

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