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Electrophysiological and behavioral responses Dendroctonus frontalis and D. terebrans (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to resin odors of host pines (Pinus spp.)

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Abstract

Southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) and black turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus terebrans Olivier) are two sympatric bark beetle pests of the southeastern United States of America that adversely affect pine (Pinus spp.) health. Successful host tree colonization and reproduction is dependent on a chemical communication system that includes compounds produced by both the beetles and their host trees. To better understand the role of host volatiles in the ecology of these species, we (1) used coupled gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) to analyze olfactory sensitivity of D. frontalis and D. terebrans to volatile constituents of host resin, and (2) investigated olfactory stimulants for behavioral effects on both pest species and a major predator, Thanasimus dubius Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cleridae) in field trapping studies. In GC-EAD analyses of the headspace of fresh host resin, antenna of both D. frontalis and D. terebrans produced strongest responses to alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, myrcene, and 4-allylanisole. Field tests indicated that alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, and 4-allylanisole significantly enhanced attraction of D. frontalis, D. terebrans, and T. dubius to traps baited with attractive pheromone components of both bark beetle species, and myrcene diminished this response for D. frontalis. The observed attractive synergism of 4-allylanisole contrasts with previously reported repellency of this compound for D. frontalis and instead suggests this semiochemical may have multiple ecological roles for this species. Lures used for monitoring D. frontalis may be enhanced in sensitivity by adjusting the composition of their host odor components.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Derek Robertson (D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia), Thomas D. Whitney (D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia), and JoAnne Barrett [United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisiana, United States of America] for field and lab assistance. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their suggestions, as these have greatly improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection; USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station; and D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, 180 East Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Holly L. Munro, Kamal J. K. Gandhi, Brittany F. Barnes, Cristian R. Montes & Caterina Villari

  2. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA, 71360, USA

    William P. Shepherd & Brian T. Sullivan

  3. USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, 200 W.T. Weaver Blvd, Asheville, NC, 28804, USA

    John T. Nowak

Authors
  1. Holly L. Munro
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  2. Kamal J. K. Gandhi
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  3. Brittany F. Barnes
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  4. Cristian R. Montes
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  5. John T. Nowak
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  6. William P. Shepherd
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  7. Caterina Villari
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  8. Brian T. Sullivan
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conceptualization. GC-EAD methodology and analyses were performed by Holly L. Munro, Brian T. Sullivan, and William P. Shepherd. Trapping surveys were performed by Holly L. Munro and Brittany F. Barnes. Statistical analyses were performed by Holly L. Munro and checked by Cristian R. Montes. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Holly L. Munro and Brian T. Sullivan, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Holly L. Munro.

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Handling Editor: Marko Rohlfs.

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Munro, H.L., Gandhi, K.J.K., Barnes, B.F. et al. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses Dendroctonus frontalis and D. terebrans (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to resin odors of host pines (Pinus spp.). Chemoecology 30, 215–231 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00311-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00311-7

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