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Urbanization alters the composition, but not the diversity and structure, of Neotropical savanna woody plant communities

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Abstract

Urbanization is one of the main drivers of environmental change and can result in drastic changes to the biodiversity and composition of plant communities. The objective of the present work was to investigate whether the structure, diversity and composition of Neotropical savanna woody plant communities differ among fragments immersed in urban, peri-urban and rural environments. The study was carried out in nine Neotropical savannas with distinct levels of urbanization in the municipality of Montes Claros, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 469 woody individuals belonging to 76 species and 30 families of plants were sampled. The most specious families were the Fabaceae with seventeen species and the Vochysiaceae with eight. The most abundant species were Myracrodruon urundeuva in urban areas, Byrsonima pachyphyla in peri-urban areas and Hymenaea stigonocarpa in rural areas. The diversity (species richness, estimated species richness and Simpson diversity index) and structure (abundance, cover and height) of the plant communities under study did not vary in response to urbanization, although species composition experienced notable changes. The urban plant communities were very distinct from the rural plant communities. Furthermore, the dominant species were very different among the urban, peri-urban and rural areas. These findings demonstrate that urbanization affects Neotropical savanna species that are susceptible to anthropization. Furthermore, among the anthropogenic pressures related to urbanization, fragmentation and isolation seem to be the most influential determinants of the composition of Neotropical savanna communities.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank to CAPES for the master's scholarship to first author, to Erik Wild for English revision, to Leonardo Bergamini for help in statistical analyses, to Odirlei Simões and Santos D'Angelo (in memorian) for help with the identification of plant species, to colleagues of the Laboratory of Interactions, Ecology and Biodiversity – LIEB for help with the field collections, and to Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros - Unimontes for logistical support. This research was financed by FAPEMIG (APQ-00394-18) and CNPq (423915/2018-5).

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  1. Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Uso dos Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil

    Érica Vanessa Durães Freitas

  2. Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil

    Maria das Dores Magalhães Veloso & Walter Santos de Araújo

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  1. Érica Vanessa Durães Freitas
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Correspondence to Walter Santos de Araújo.

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Table 3 List of species and their abundance in each area
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Freitas, É.V.D., das Dores Magalhães Veloso, M. & de Araújo, W.S. Urbanization alters the composition, but not the diversity and structure, of Neotropical savanna woody plant communities. Folia Geobot 55, 95–108 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-020-09366-4

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