Abstract
In the present study, we report the physical and optical properties of low-cost glass (soda-lime silicate glass) fabricated from local minerals, obtained from Hazara division Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Zirconium dioxide (1–3%) was added as a nucleating agent to investigate its effect on phase, density, hardness, and optical properties of soda-lime silicate glass. In the obtained glass-ceramic materials, the major crystalline phase was cristobalite. It was found that an increase in ZrO2 content and heat treatment of the samples, resulted in an increase in bulk crystallization of the samples. The mechanical properties were found to be improved with ZrO2 addition. The bandgap of the sample was in the range 3.78–4.09 eV.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
de La Parra-Arciniega S, Álvarez-Méndez A, Torres-González L, Sánchez E (2009) Crystallization kinetics of a soda lime silica glass with TiO2 addition. Rev Mex Fís 55(1):32–37
Strnad Z, Douglas R (1973) Nucleation and crystallization in soda-lime-silica system. Phys Chem Glasses 14(2):33–36
Koga N, Šesták J, Strnad Z (1992) Kinetics of crystallization in the soda-lime-silica system: part 1. Na2O·CaO·2SiO2 and Na2O·CaO·3SiO2 glasses by DTA. Thermochim. Acta 203:361–372
Gonzalez-Oliver C, James P (1980) Crystal nucleation and growth in a Na2O.2CaO.3SiO2 glass. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 38:699–704
Hussain I, Barimah EK, Iqbal Y, Jose G, Muhammad R (2019) Thermal, mechanical and optical properties of TiO2-doped sodium silicate glass-ceramics. Trans Indian Ceram Soc 78(3):125–130
Alizadeh P, Marghussian V (2000) The effect of compositional changes on the crystallization behaviour and mechanical properties of diopside–wollastonite glass-ceramics in the SiO2–CaO–MgO (Na2O) system. J Eur Ceram Soc 20(6):765–773
Baldi G, Generali E, Leonelli C, Manfredini T, Pellacani G, Siligardi C (1995) Effects of nucleating agents on diopside crystallization in new glass-ceramics for tile-glaze application. J Mater Sci 30(12):3251–3255
Zdaniewski W (1975) DTA and X-ray analysis study of nucleation and crystallization of MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses containing ZrO2, TiO2, and CeO2. J Am Ceram Soc 58(5–6):163–169
Stookey S (1959) Catalyzed crystallization of glass in theory and practice. Ind Eng Chem 51(7):805–808
Patzig C, Dittmer M, Gawronski A, Höche T, Rüssel C (2014) Crystallization of ZrO2-nucleated MgO/Al2O3/SiO2 glasses–a TEM study. CrystEngComm 16(29):6578–6587
Dittmer M, Müller M, Rüssel C (2010) Self-organized nanocrystallinity in MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 glasses with ZrO2 as nucleating agent. Mater Chem Phys 124(2):1083–1088
Lin H, Yang D, Liu G, Ma T, Zhai B, An Q, Yu J, Wang X, Liu X, Pun EY-B (2005) Optical absorption and photoluminescence in Sm3+- and Eu3+-doped rare-earth borate glasses. J Lumin 113(1):121–128
Wu JP, Rawlings RD, Boccaccini AR, Dlouhy I, Chlup Z (2006) A glass–ceramic derived from high TiO2-containing slag: microstructural development and mechanical behavior. J Am Ceram Soc 89(8):2426–2433
Mukherjee DP, Das SK (2013) SiO2–Al2O3–CaO glass-ceramics: effects of CaF2 on crystallization, microstructure and properties. Ceram Int 39(1):571–578
Doherty P, Lee D, Davis R (1967) Direct observation of the crystallization of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses containing TiO2. J Am Ceram Soc 50(2):77–81
Cheng KG, Wan JL, Liang KM (1998) Fabrication of ZrO2 toughened glass-ceramics. J Chin Ceram Soc 26:365–368
Reddy MR, Kumar VR, Veeraiah N, Rao A (1995) Effect of chromium impurity on dielectric relaxation effects of ZnF2-PbO-TeO2 glasses. Ind J Pure Appl Phys 33(1):48–51
Abdel-Baki M, El-Diasty F (2006) Optical properties of oxide glasses containing transition metals: case of titanium-and chromium-containing glasses. Curr Opin Solid ST M 10(5):217–229
Keong K, Sha W, Malinov S (2003) Hardness evolution of electroless nickel–phosphorus deposits with thermal processing. Surf Coat Technol 168(2):263–274
EVans A, Charles E (1976) Fracture toughness determinations by indentation. J Am Ceram Soc 59(7–8):371–372
Sehgal J, Ito S (1998) A new low-brittleness glass in the soda-lime-silica glass family. J Am Ceram Soc 81(9):2485–2488
Ghamari M, Mirhadi B (2012) Composition dependence of spectroscopic properties and transparency of SiO2-TiO2-Na2O glass in 200-1100 nm. Iran J Mater Sci Eng 9(2):36–40
Al-Ani SKJ, Higazy AA (1991) Study of optical absorption edges in MgO-P2O5 glasses. J Mater Sci 26(13):3670–3674
Chen Y, Nie Q, Xu T, Dai S, Wang X, Shen X (2008) A study of nonlinear optical properties in Bi2O3–WO3–TeO2 glasses. J Non-Cryst Solids 354(29):3468–3472
Eraiah B (2006) Optical properties of samarium doped zinc-tellurite glasses. Bull Mater Sci 29(4):375–378
Acknowledgments
The author (Imtiaz Hussain) acknowledges the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan for the award of research fellowship under the International Research Support Initiative Program (IRSIP) at the University of Leeds, UK.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hussain, I., Barimah, E.K., Iqbal, Y. et al. Mechanical and Optical Properties of ZrO2 Doped Silicate Glass Ceramics. Silicon 13, 877–883 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00516-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00516-z