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Energy-efficient design of a carbon fiber-based self-heating concrete pavement system through finite element analysis

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Abstract

Electrically conductive concrete (ECON) heated pavement system (HPS) is a newly developed clean technology to reduce the use of polluting chemicals for removal of snow and ice. This technology requires further comprehensive studies for achieving an energy-efficient design. To construct an energy-efficient system, ECON HPS design includes determining the most appropriate configuration of electrodes embedded in the ECON layer. The spacing, shape and dimensions of these electrodes are important design factors impacting the thermal and energy performance of the system. While field tests are resource-intensive, the use of numerical modeling can complement such experimental tests to provide a better overall understanding of the technology’s behavior. In this paper, the thermal and energy performance of ECON HPS is investigated through considering various system configuration designs, with an experimentally validated finite element model. A performance index is defined for comparing both thermal and energy performance of the configurations to obtain an energy-efficient design. The results indicate that a configuration with six circular electrodes at 100 cm spacing exhibited the best performance index and the highest energy efficiency. Since a test section with higher performance index would be capable of achieving a higher average surface temperature for the same energy input, such a section would have higher efficiency compared to other sections evaluated. This analysis results in narrowing down the ECON HPS’s configuration design options before performing experimental tests.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Iowa Highway Research Board (IHRB) for providing the matching funds for this research project which is sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The authors would also like to thank the FAA Air Transportation Center of Excellence for the Partnership to Enhance General Aviation Safety, Accessibility and Sustainability (PEGASAS). The IHRB technical advisory committee (TAC) members from Iowa DOT and Iowa Counties, particularly Mr. Mike Harvey, Director of Iowa DOT’s Support Services Office Administrative Services Division, and Iowa DOT electricians, the FAA PEGASAS Technical Monitor for Heated Airport Pavements project, and Mr. Gary L. Mitchell of the American Concrete Pavement Association (ACPA) are gratefully acknowledged for their guidance, support, and direction throughout the research. The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to other research team members from ISU’s Program for Sustainable Pavement Engineering and Research (PROSPER) at Institute for Transportation for their assistance with the laboratory and field investigations. Although the Iowa DOT and FAA have sponsored this study, they neither endorse nor reject the findings of this research. This paper does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Intelligent Infrastructure Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    S. M. Sajed Sadati

  2. Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Kristen S. Cetin

  3. Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Partnership To Enhance General Aviation Safety, Accessibility and Sustainability (PEGASAS), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Center of Excellence (COE) On General Aviation, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    Halil Ceylan

  4. Program for Sustainable Pavement Engineering & Research (PROSPER), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    Halil Ceylan

  5. Institute for Transportation, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    Sunghwan Kim

Authors
  1. S. M. Sajed Sadati
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  2. Kristen S. Cetin
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  3. Halil Ceylan
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  4. Sunghwan Kim
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Correspondence to Kristen S. Cetin.

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Sadati, S.M.S., Cetin, K.S., Ceylan, H. et al. Energy-efficient design of a carbon fiber-based self-heating concrete pavement system through finite element analysis. Clean Techn Environ Policy 22, 1145–1155 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-020-01857-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-020-01857-4

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