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Experience on statin therapy in paediatric age: retrospective study in a Portuguese referral centre

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2020

Hugo A. Gomes Open the ORCID record for Hugo A. Gomes [Opens in a new window] ,
Paula Garcia ,
Luísa Diogo ,
António Pires  and
Paula Martins Open the ORCID record for Paula Martins [Opens in a new window]
Hugo A. Gomes
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Paula Garcia
Affiliation:
Department of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Paediatric Hospital – Coimbra Hospital and University Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
Luísa Diogo
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Department of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Paediatric Hospital – Coimbra Hospital and University Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
António Pires
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Paediatric Hospital – Coimbra Hospital and University Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
Paula Martins*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Paediatric Hospital – Coimbra Hospital and University Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
*
Author for correspondence: Paula Martins, MD, Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Paediatric Hospital – Coimbra Hospital and University Centre (CHUC), Avenida Afonso Romão, 3000-602Coimbra, Portugal. Tel: +351 239 480 364; Fax: +351 239 717 216. E-mail: paula_mrtns@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Background:

The use of statins in children, although not frequent, is recommended in specific clinical contexts, namely, familial hypercholesterolaemia, conditions carrying a moderate-high cardiovascular risk and sub-optimal cholesterol levels after implementation of lifestyle modifications. The aim of this study is to characterise children with dyslipidaemia managed with statins, followed at a tertiary referral centre in central Portugal.

Methods and results:

The authors carried out a retrospective and descriptive study made up of 66 patients (50% males, mean age of therapy onset 11.9 years) followed up at the Cardiovascular Clinic of a tertiary referral centre between January, 2012, and May, 2018. Clinical, analytical, and echocardiographic parameters were analysed. About 60.6% had clinical and/or molecular diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia. On average, each patient had three cardiovascular risk factors, obesity (31%) being most prevalent, followed by arterial hypertension (14%). Statin therapy showed a statistically significant reduction in the lipid profile, particularly in the total cholesterol (23%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (30%) levels, as well as in the carotid intima-media thickness (p = 0.015). Hepatic and muscle integrity markers were within normal range.

Conclusions:

Statins are safe and efficient in the management of children with hypercholesterolaemia. Our study showed that apart from its lipid-lowering properties, it also reduced significantly the carotid intima-media thickness and, implicitly, the cardiovascular risk of these patients.

Keywords

Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitorsdyslipidaemiapaediatricsrisk factorsatherosclerosis
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 30 , Issue 6 , June 2020 , pp. 840 - 851
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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