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Structural-morphological and sedimentary features of forearc slope off Miyagi, NE Japan: implications for development of forearc basins and plumbing systems

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Abstract

Multibeam (MB) and subbottom profile (SBP) data along the forearc slope off Miyagi, Japan, are combined to investigate structural-morphological and sedimentary structures along the forearc slope of the Japan Trench subduction zone. In addition to dip-oriented slope gullies, the MB data image a nearly dip-perpendicular slope trough bounded by a fault scarp landward of the trench-slope break. Seaward of the trench-slope break, the subbottom mostly contains normal faults that dip in opposite directions. The SBP data show not only unconformity and sliding surfaces, but also underfilled (forearc trough) and filled structures that may reflect the most recent forearc subsidence and basin filling. We propose these forearc trough and associated filling structures may indicate the earliest developments of modern isolated basins. Thus, a model of forearc basin development from slope gully to slope trough, isolated basins and forearc basin, transferred by active structures, could be proposed. Observed seafloor liquefaction in the SBP data may represent a near-surface seep structure of a plumbing system that enables hydrosphere-mantle fluid migration plausibly activated by earthquake cycles.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge anonymous reviewers and editor Prof. A.N. Green for their constructive comments. We thank the captain and crew members of R/V Shinsei Maru KS-16-17 cruise for their help with data collection. JH greatly appreciates all colleagues in OFGS, AORI, and The University of Tokyo for accompanying and fruitful discussions. In addition, JH would like to thank Dr. K. Ikehara, Dr. K. Arai, Dr. A. Misawa, and Dr. T. Inoue in Geological Survey of Japan (AIST) for sharing their knowledge for regional geology and oceanography. JH was supported by Postdoctoral Research Abroad Program (106-2917-I-564-050) from Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan during the period of draft preparation.

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  1. Institute of Geology and Geoinformation, Geological Society of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, Japan

    Jih-Hsin Chang

  2. Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan

    Jin-Oh Park, Asuka Yamaguchi, Yuji Sano, Kotaro Shirai, Takanori Kagoshima, Kentaro Tanaka & Chiori Tamura

  3. Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Tzu-Ting Chen & Ho-Han Hsu

  4. Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan

    Tetsuro Tsuru

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Chang, JH., Park, JO., Chen, TT. et al. Structural-morphological and sedimentary features of forearc slope off Miyagi, NE Japan: implications for development of forearc basins and plumbing systems. Geo-Mar Lett 40, 309–324 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-020-00636-w

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