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Evolution of precipitates in Ni–Co–Cr–W–Mo superalloys with different tungsten contents

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Abstract

The Ni–Co–Cr–W–Mo system is critical for the design of nickel-based superalloys. This system stabilizes different topologically close-packed (TCP) phases in many commercially superalloys with high W and Mo contents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermodynamic calculations were applied to investigate the thermodynamics of the precipitates in two different W-contained Ni–Co–Cr–W–Mo superalloys (Alloy 1 and Alloy 2). Computational thermodynamics verifies the experimental observation of the μ phase formation as a function of temperature and alloy chemistry, but the kinetics for the precipitation of the M6C phase do not agree with the experimental findings. The major precipitates of Alloy 1 at temperatures of 700 °C and 750 °C during long-time exposure are M23C6, γ′ phase and MC; for Alloy 2, they are M23C6, γ′ phase, MC, M6C and μ phase. W addition is found to promote the precipitation of M6C and μ phase during exposure. M6C has higher W and lower Ni content than μ phase, whereas M6C is an unstable phase that would transform into M12C after 5000-h exposure at 750 °C. A great quantity of needle-like μ phases precipitated after exposure at 750 °C for 5000 h, which have no effect on the impact properties of Alloy 2.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Develop Program, China (No. 2017YFB0305203).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Special Steels, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, 100081, China

    Han-Sheng Bao, Zheng-Zong Chen & Gang Yang

  2. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China

    Zhi-Hua Gong

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  1. Han-Sheng Bao
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Correspondence to Han-Sheng Bao.

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Bao, HS., Gong, ZH., Chen, ZZ. et al. Evolution of precipitates in Ni–Co–Cr–W–Mo superalloys with different tungsten contents. Rare Met. 39, 716–724 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-020-01400-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-020-01400-w

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