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Parupeneus williamsi, a new species of goatfish (Perciformes: Mullidae) endemic to the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia

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Abstract

A new species of goatfish, Parupeneus williamsi, is described on the basis of 12 specimens (43.9–234.3 mm in standard length) collected from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia. The species closely resembles Parupeneus multifasciatus (Quoy and Gaimard 1825) in sharing white to yellowish barbels, its tips usually extending beyond the posterior margin of the preopercle, two or three blackish vertical bands (including indistinct bands) on the trunk, and a blackish saddle on the upper caudal peduncle. However, the new species is distinguished from P. multifasciatus by having all of the bands and saddle very indistinct, dense melanophores uniformly distributed on the anal-fin membranes (preserved specimens), upper jaw slightly slender and shorter in specimens larger than 50 mm SL, and slightly longer second anal-fin soft ray. The morphological differences between the two species are supported by a previously published molecular analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences. Although P. multifasciatus is widely distributed in the eastern Indian and Pacific oceans, P. williamsi is endemic to the Marquesas Islands.

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Acknowledgements

We are especially grateful to J. Williams, S. Raredon, K. Murphy, L. Palmer, D. Pitassy, S. Smith and E. Wilbur (USNM), D. Catania and M. Hoang (CAS), G. Shinohara and M. Nakae (NSMT), and G. Moore and M. Allen (WAM) for specimen loans, H. Hata (NSMT) and K. Fujiwara (KAUM) for examinations of type specimens, and H. Wada, Y. Haraguchi, and other volunteers and students of KAUM for their kind assistance, and G. Hardy (Ngunguru, New Zealand) for reading the manuscript and providing help with English. The Marquesan specimens were acquired under a collaborative Centre de Recherche Insulaire et Observatoire de l’Environnement (CRIOBE) and Smithsonian (SI) project to survey the marine fishes of French Polynesia. The Pakaihiite Moana expedition to the Marquesas was organized by S. Planes and funded by the Agence des Aires Marines Protégées in France. The collections were made by J. Williams, S. Planes and others, with the support of the Centre Plongée Marquises [Xavier (Pipapo) and Marie Curvat], l’Agence des Aires Marines Marine Protégées, the Fondation TOTAL, the Ministère de l’Environnement de Polynésie, the Délégation à la Recherche de Polynésie, and the Mairie of Nuku-Hiva. Malaysian specimens were collected during the JSPS Asian Core Program, “Establishment of Research and Education Network on Coastal Marine Science in Southeast Asia”, and the JSPS Core-to-Core Program: B Asia-Africa Science Platforms, supported by the Ministry of Higher Education (Government of Malaysia), University Putra Malaysia, and University Malaysia Terengganu. Vietnamese specimens were collected with the support of the Institute of Marine Environment and Resources (Haiphone) and the Ha Long Bay Management Department (Ha Long), with permission for the use of specimens granted by the Biodiversity Conservation Agency, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Hanoi). This study was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP23580259, JP26450265, and 20H03311; the “Biological Properties of Biodiversity Hotspots in Japan” project of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan; and “Establishment of Glocal Research and Education Network in the Amami Islands” project of Kagoshima University adopted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan.

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Correspondence to Hiroyuki Motomura.

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Shibuya, S., Motomura, H. Parupeneus williamsi, a new species of goatfish (Perciformes: Mullidae) endemic to the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia. Ichthyol Res 68, 11–20 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-020-00753-7

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