Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria harboring different antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) have been detected worldwide. The association of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes (mcr-like) and other ARGs in bacteria isolated from animals is a huge concern worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the presence of mcr-like genes and clinically relevant ARGs as well as plasmids in samples from a zoo. Fecal and environmental (soil and water) samples were collected from a zoo and the DNA of cultivable aerobic bacteria was extracted. ARGs were screened by PCR and the plasmids were detected using the PCR-based replicon typing method. A total of 74 amplicons from 27 ARGs [mcr-1, mcr-3, mcr-7.1, blaCTX-M-Gp1, blaCTX-M-Gp2, blaCTX-M-Gp9, blaVEB, blaPER, blaCMY, tetA, tetB, tetC, aadA, aac(6′)-Ib, aph(3′)-Ia, ant(2′')-Ia, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, oqxA, oqxB, sul1, sul2, sul3, cmlA, mefAE, ermB] and 21 amplicons from eight plasmid families (IncY, ColE-like, IncFrepB, IncFIA, IncFIB, IncHI1, IncFIC, IncP) were detected. These findings reinforce that the zoo acts as a reservoir of clinically relevant ARGs, including mcr-like, and call attention to the monitoring studies in the zoo. Therefore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the world of mcr-1, mcr-3 and mcr-7.1 in environmental samples from the zoo.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) [Grant no. 88882.180855/2018-01, 88887.314388/2019-00, and Finance code 001] and the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) [Grant no. 2018/01890-3] for fellowships.
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This study was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) [grant number 2018/19539-0].
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dos Santos, L.D.R., Furlan, J.P.R., Ramos, M.S. et al. Co-occurrence of mcr-1, mcr-3, mcr-7 and clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes in environmental and fecal samples. Arch Microbiol 202, 1795–1800 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-01890-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-01890-3