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Measurement of azimuthal dependent muon flux by 2 m × 2 m RPC stack at IICHEP-Madurai

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Abstract

The proposed 50 kton INO-ICAL experiment is an upcoming underground high energy physics experiment planned to be commissioned at Bodi hills near Theni, India *, ** to study various properties of neutrino oscillations using atmospheric neutrinos produced by extensive air shower phenomenon. The resistive plate chamber has been chosen as the active detector element for the proposed INO-ICAL. An experimental setup consisting a stack of 12 layers of glass resistive plate chambers each with a size of *** m has been built at IICHEP, Madurai to study the performance and long-term stability of the resistive plate chambers(RPCs) commercially produced in large quantities by the Indian industries as well as its electronics for the front-end and subsequent signal processing. In this study, the azimuthal dependence of muon flux at various zenith angles at Madurai **** and at an altitude of 160 m above mean sea level) has been presented along with the comparison of Monte Carlo from CORSIKA and HONDA predictions.

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Notes

  1. Si = CHi + CHi+ 8 + CHi+ 16 + CHi+ 24 + CHi+ 32 + CHi+ 40 + CHi+ 48 + CHi+ 56 (CHi+j represents the (i+j)th strip (i varies from 0 to 7) and “+” between two CHi+j denotes logical “OR”)

  2. 1F = S0+S1+S2+S3+S4+S5+S6+S7

  3. 2F = S0⋅S1+S1⋅S2+S2⋅S3+S3⋅S4+S4⋅S5+S5⋅S6+S6⋅S7

  4. 3F = S0⋅S1⋅S2+S1⋅S2⋅S3+S2⋅S3⋅S4+S3⋅S4⋅S5+S4⋅S5⋅S6+S5⋅S6⋅S7

  5. 4F = S0⋅S1⋅S2⋅S3+S1⋅S2⋅S3⋅S4+S2⋅S3⋅S4⋅S5+S3⋅S4⋅S5⋅S6+S4⋅S5⋅S6⋅S7 (“+” denotes logical “OR” and “⋅” denotes logical “AND”)

  6. Hit is the induced strip signal above the set threshold after preamplifier.

  7. Private communications

  8. The shape of the azimuthal muon flux from CORSIKA using different high energy models are not differing much, so CORSIKA events are not generated for FLUKA and urQMD with different high energy models other than SIBYLL.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr.P.K. Mohanty and Mr. Hariharan from GRAPES-3 experiment for providing angle dependent primary cutoff rigidity values for the experimental site. The authors also acknowledge crucial contributions by A. Bhatt, S.D. Kalmani, S. Mondal, P. Nagaraj, Pathaleswar, M.N. Saraf, R.R. Shinde, Dipankar Sil, S.S. Upadhya, P. Verma, E. Yuvaraj, S.R. Joshi, Darshana Koli, S. Chavan, N. Sivaramakrishnan, B. Rajeswaran, Rajkumar Bharathi in setting up the detector, electronics and the DAQ systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India

    S. Pethuraj

  2. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India

    S. Pethuraj, G. Majumder, V. M. Datar, K. C. Ravindran & B. Satyanarayana

  3. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, 700064, India

    N. K. Mondal

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  1. S. Pethuraj
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  2. G. Majumder
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  3. V. M. Datar
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  4. N. K. Mondal
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  5. K. C. Ravindran
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  6. B. Satyanarayana
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Correspondence to S. Pethuraj.

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Pethuraj, S., Majumder, G., Datar, V.M. et al. Measurement of azimuthal dependent muon flux by 2 m × 2 m RPC stack at IICHEP-Madurai. Exp Astron 49, 141–157 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-020-09655-y

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