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Atrazine Bioremediation and Its Influence on Soil Microbial Diversity by Metagenomics Analysis

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Abstract

Pesticide accumulation in agricultural soils is an environmental concern, often addressed through distinct bioremediation strategies. This study has tried to analyze various soil bioremediation options viz., biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and natural attenuation in terms of efficiency and the response of autochthonous microbial flora by using atrazine as a model contaminant. Soil mesocosms were established with 100 kg of soil simulating the field conditions. The soil previously exposed to the herbicide was used for the bioaugmentation strategy undertaken in this study. We have tried to analyze how the microbial community responds to a foreign compound, both in terms of taxonomic and functional capacities? To answer this, we have analyzed metagenome of the mesocosms at a time point when 90% atrazine was degraded. Bioaugmentation for bioremediation proved to be efficient with a DT90 value of 15.48 ± 0.79 days, in comparison to the natural attenuation where the DT90 value was observed to be 41.20 ± 1.95 days. Metagenomic analysis revealed the abundance of orders Erysipelotrichales, Selemonadales, Clostridiales, and Thermoanaerobacterales exclusively in SBS mesocosm. Besides Pseudomonas, bacterial genera such as Achromobacter, Xanthomonas, Stenotrophomonas, and Cupriavidus have emerged as the dominant members in various bioremediation strategies tested in this study. Inclusive results suggest that inherent microbial flora adjust their community and metabolic machinery upon exposure to the pollutant. The site under pollutant stress showed efficient microbial communities to bio-remediate the newly polluted terrestrial ecologies in relatively less time and by economic means.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Director, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI) Nagpur, for providing the facilities for carrying out this work and DBT funded project. Authors, Pooja Bhardwaj and Niti B. Jadeja are grateful to the UGC and CSIR respectively, for the award of SRF. The manuscript was checked for possible plagiarism using iThenticate Software under assigned KRC No. CSIR-NEERI/KRC/2018/FEB/DRC/1.

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Funding from Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Director’s Research Cell, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India

    Pooja Bhardwaj, Kunvar Ravendra Singh, Niti B. Jadeja & Atya Kapley

  2. Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India

    Prashant S. Phale

Authors
  1. Pooja Bhardwaj
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  2. Kunvar Ravendra Singh
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  3. Niti B. Jadeja
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  4. Prashant S. Phale
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  5. Atya Kapley
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Correspondence to Prashant S. Phale or Atya Kapley.

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Bhardwaj, P., Singh, K.R., Jadeja, N.B. et al. Atrazine Bioremediation and Its Influence on Soil Microbial Diversity by Metagenomics Analysis. Indian J Microbiol 60, 388–391 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-020-00877-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-020-00877-4

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