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Isolation and Identification of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Highly Effective in Suppressing Root Rot in Fava Beans

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Abstract

In this study, 18 plant growth-promoting bacterial (PGPB) strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of both Red silk-cotton tree (Bombax malabaricum) and Chinese banyan (Ficus retusa). Culture morphology was observed and genotypic characterization was accomplished by sequencing partial 16S rRNA gene. Plant growth promotion traits and antagonistic activities of the strains against phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated. Among all strains, Bacillus thuringiensis (MN419208) exert the highest indole acetic acid (38 µg/ml), produced exopolysaccharides (587.2 µg/ml), and fixed nitrogen which in turn increased both fresh and dry weights of bean plants by 41.5% and 18.8%, respectively. In another greenhouse experiment studying the antifungal activities of seven strains and their co-culture against Rhizoctonia solani (LN735538), B. sonorensis MN419205, B. wiedmannii MN419207, B. subtilis MN419218, and the mixture of (MN419207) and (MN419208) reduced total damping off from 81.7% in control to 30%, 35%, 35%, and 38.3%, respectively, and reduced disease severity index from 33.3% to 20.5%, 22.5%, 14.2%, and 19.3% as well. Our data indicate that these strains are effective in promoting plant growth and in inhibiting R. solani infection nonetheless field experiments are needed to examine their effectiveness as a viable alternative to chemical fertilizers and conventional pesticides.

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Acknowledgements

Our great appreciations to Dr. Hamada A. Aboubakr, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA for his great help during the molecular identification of the bacterial strains. The authors also wish to Thank Mr. Yaheya M. and Ms. Salasabeel A. for their help and assistance during this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt

    Mona M. G. Saad

  2. Department of Soil and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt

    Mahrous Kandil

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt

    Youssef M. M. Mohammed

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  1. Mona M. G. Saad
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  3. Youssef M. M. Mohammed
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MMGS designed the research; MMGS and YMMM conducted the experiments and analyzed the data; MK conducted the molecular identification of the isolate and revised the manuscript English language structure; all authors contributed in writing, revising, and editing the paper; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mona M. G. Saad.

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Saad, M.M.G., Kandil, M. & Mohammed, Y.M.M. Isolation and Identification of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Highly Effective in Suppressing Root Rot in Fava Beans. Curr Microbiol 77, 2155–2165 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02015-1

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