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Recent Progress in Engineering Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation

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Abstract

Due to the ability to differentiate into variety of cell types, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold promise as source in cell-based therapy for treating injured tissue and degenerative diseases. The potential use of MSCs to replace or repair damaged tissues may depend on the efficient differentiation protocols to derive specialized cells without any negative side effects. Identification of appropriate cues that support the lineage-specific differentiation of stem cells is critical for tissue healing and cellular therapy. Recently, a number of stimuli have been utilized to direct the differentiation of stem cells. Biochemical stimuli such as small molecule, growth factor and miRNA have been traditionally used to regulate the fate of stem cells. In recent years, many studies have reported that biophysical stimuli including cyclic mechanical strain, fluid shear stress, microgravity, electrical stimulation, matrix stiffness and topography can also be sensed by stem cells through mechanical receptors, thus affecting the stem cell behaviors including their differentiation potential. In this paper, we review all the most recent literature on the application of biochemical and biophysical cues on regulating MSC differentiation. An extensive literature search was done using electronic database (Medline/Pubmed). Although there are still some challenges that need to be taken into consideration before translating these methods into clinics, biochemical and biophysical stimulation appears to be an attractive method to manipulate the lineage commitment of MSCs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11772073, 11832008 and 11532004), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDA15014102.), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2019CDXYSG0004), and the Program of Postgraduate Tutor Team of Chongqing Education Commission (2018).

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  1. Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China

    Alexander Halim, Qing Luo & Guanbin Song

  2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Raya Kalisari Selatan 1, Pakuwon City, Surabaya, 60112, Indonesia

    Agnes Dwi Ariyanti

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Halim, A., Ariyanti, A.D., Luo, Q. et al. Recent Progress in Engineering Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation. Stem Cell Rev and Rep 16, 661–674 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-020-09979-4

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