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Characterization of high- and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits from Chinese Xinjiang wheat landraces and historical varieties

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Abstract

Landraces and historical varieties are necessary germplasms for genetic improvement of modern cereals. Allelic variations at the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci in 300 common wheat landraces and 43 historical varieties from Xinjiang, China, were evaluated by Sodium-dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and allele-specific molecular markers. Among the materials investigated, three, nine, and seven alleles were identified from the Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 loci, respectively, and a total of 26 high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) combinations were found, of which 18 combinations were identified in landraces and historical varieties. Allelic frequency of HMW-GS combinations null, 7 + 8, 2 + 12 was found to be the highest in both the landraces (63.3%) and historical varieties (39.5%). Besides, some distinctive HMW-GS alleles, such as the novel Glu-B1 allele 6.1* + 8.1* and Glu-D1 alleles 2.6 + 12, 2.1 + 10.1, and 5** + 10 were observed in Xinjiang wheat landraces. Among the Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci of landraces and historical varieties, a total of eight and nine alleles were found, respectively. At each locus, two novel alleles were identified. A total of 33 low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) combinations of Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 were identified, with 31 and 14 combinations occurring in landraces and historical varieties, respectively, but only 10 combinations shared by both of them. As Glu-D1, Glu-A3, and Glu-B3 have highest contribution to the end-use quality and processing properties as compared to Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D3 locus, the novel or distinctive HMW-GS and LMW-GS alleles in these loci could potentially be utilized for the improvement in the quality of modern wheat.

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Abbreviations

HMW-GS:

High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits

LMW-GS:

Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits

SDS-PAGE:

Sodium-dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

STS:

Sequence tagged site

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

H:

The genetic dispersion index

LASN:

Lanzhou alkaline stretched noodles

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1403185, 31771783), and Sichuan Science and Technology Program (No. 2018HH0113 and 2018HH0130), and Xinjiang Urumqi Science and Technology Bureau program (No. Z16120002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Shoufen Dai, Dongyang Xu, Zhaojin Wen, Haixia Chen, Haoyuan Li, Yuming Wei, Youliang Zheng & Zehong Yan

  2. Research Institute of Crop Germplasm Resource, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi, 830091, Xinjiang-Uygur Autonomous District, People’s Republic of China

    Yongliang Yan, Jinbo Zhang, Zifeng Lu & Hua Cong

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  1. Shoufen Dai
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  2. Dongyang Xu
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  9. Hua Cong
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Correspondence to Hua Cong or Zehong Yan.

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Dai, S., Xu, D., Yan, Y. et al. Characterization of high- and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits from Chinese Xinjiang wheat landraces and historical varieties. J Food Sci Technol 57, 3823–3835 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-020-04414-5

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