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Seismic response analysis of a hydraulic fill dam

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Abstract

The seismic response of a highly heterogeneous hydraulic fill dam was evaluated by studying the natural frequencies of the first and second modes of vibration and analyzing the crest accelerations of different two-dimensional or 2D sections of the dam when subjected to two different earthquake excitations. The existing methods for determination of the natural frequency of earthen embankment structures can only be used to analyze the structural response at small strain levels. However, during seismic events, the natural frequency of an earthen dam is significantly affected by the nonlinear material behavior exhibited by the geomaterials at high strain levels. Hence, a novel method was devised to evaluate the strain-dependent natural frequency for plane strain 2D dam sections, using a synthesized multi-sine base excitation. The degradation of first and second natural frequencies of transverse vibration for all the 2D sections followed a linear trend when plotted against the respective crest’s root mean square strain on a logarithmic scale. The slope of the degradation curve was found to depend on the constituent material properties prevalent in the individual sections. The observed variations in natural frequencies and crest accelerations of the 2D dam sections were also used to assess the suitability of using two-dimensional plane strain analyses for studying the response of a long earthen dam having variability in material properties. Results indicate that there is a considerable chance of erroneous estimation of the seismic response of such highly heterogeneous earthen dams that are conventionally analyzed using plane strain models. A 2D analysis was found to merely capture the seismic response of the individual sections of the dam as independent entities while ignoring the stiffening or weakening effect of the adjacent neighboring segments that may have different material properties.

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Acknowledgements

This research was conducted as part of an ongoing research project (Grant ID: GCS # 2015-779) with the Tarrant Regional Water District (TRWD). The authors would like to acknowledge Mr. Louie Verreault, Mr. Jason Gehrig, Ms. Dorota Koterba and Mr. David Marshall of TRWD for their assistance with various research activities related to testing and for their assistance in coordinating various groups. The authors would like to acknowledge the NSF Industry-University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) program funded ‘Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure (CICI)’ site at Texas A&M University, College Station (Award # 1464489).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, Dwight Look Engineering Building 801A/B, College Station, TX, 77840, USA

    Sayantan Chakraborty & Anand J. Puppala

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, 501 E. Saint Joseph St, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA

    Tejo V. Bheemasetti

  3. Intertek-PSI, 310 Regal Row, Suite 500, Dallas, TX, 75247, USA

    Jasaswee T. Das

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All the authors contributed toward this research study. Conceptualization, analysis and draft manuscript preparation were done by Sayantan Chakraborty. Tejo Bheemasetti and Jasaswee Das performed technical review of the previous draft versions of the manuscript and improved the quality of the manuscript. Anand Puppala was the primary investigator of the project; the research study was conducted under his supervision, and he reviewed and approved the final draft. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Anand J. Puppala.

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Sayantan Chakraborty, Tejo V. Bheemasetti, Jasaswee T. Das, Anand J. Puppala: Formerly affiliated with The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA

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Chakraborty, S., Bheemasetti, T.V., Das, J.T. et al. Seismic response analysis of a hydraulic fill dam. Acta Geotech. 15, 3095–3110 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-020-00978-w

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