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Rhodobacter xinxiangensis sp. nov., isolated from pakchoi-cultivated soil contaminated with heavy metal and its potential to reduce Cd and Pb accumulation in pakchoi (Brassica campestris L.)

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Abstract

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, and motile strain, TJ48T, was isolated from pakchoi-cultivated soil contaminated with Cd and Pb in Xinxiang (China). Cells of the strain were rod-shaped and colonies on LB agar were faint yellow. Strain TJ48T was positive for catalase and oxidase and the optimal condition for growth was 28 °C, with 1% (w/v) NaCl and at pH 7.0. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TJ48T was closely related to the genus Rhodobacter and the closest relatives were Rhodobacter ovatus JA234T (97.4%, 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Rhodobacter azotoformans KA25T (96.5%). The DNA G + C content of strain TJ48T was 64.7 mol%. Genome-to-genome distance calculations (GGDC) and ANIb values from genomic comparison between the genomes of strain TJ48T and the related reference species were less than 70% and 95%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1ω6c) and C17:0. The only isoprenoid quinone detected was Ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The polar lipid profile contains diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminophospholipid, one unidentified phospholipids, and three unidentified lipids. Strain TJ48T significantly increased the dry weight of roots (26.2–66.3%) and shoots (16.7–37.8%) of pakchoi and reduced the Cd (50.2–60.1%) and Pb (55.6–60.9%) contents in pakchoi shoots and roots. On the basis of the physiological, genotypic and genomic characteristics, the strain TJ48T represent a novel species of the genus Rhodobacter, and the name Rhodobacter xinxiangensis sp. nov. is proposed (type strain TJ48T = CCTCC AB2019120T = KCTC 72510T).

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41907143, 41601332), the Key Research Project of Colleges and Universities of Henan Province Education Department (20A180023) and the State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology (KFKT2018005).

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Correspondence to Hui Han or Lunguang Yao.

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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.

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The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain TJ48T is MK573790. The Whole Genome Shotgun projects of strain TJ48T has been deposited at GenBank/ENA/DDBJ under the accession number SMYN00000000.

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Han, H., Wang, T., Chen, Z. et al. Rhodobacter xinxiangensis sp. nov., isolated from pakchoi-cultivated soil contaminated with heavy metal and its potential to reduce Cd and Pb accumulation in pakchoi (Brassica campestris L.). Arch Microbiol 202, 1741–1748 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-01885-0

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