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Induced Tomato Resistance Against Bemisia tabaci Triggered by Salicylic Acid, β-Aminobutyric Acid, and Trichoderma

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Abstract

Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B is a key pest of Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae) throughout the world. In this study, we examined the induction of resistance on tomato plants treated with SA, BABA, and Trichoderma either individually or in combination against B. tabaci biotype B through the assessment of some biological and behavioral aspects of this insect pest. Also, to understand the mode of action of these inducers, we correlated and analyzed the biochemical basis of plant resistance, by measuring levels of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and phenolic content in leaves of treated tomato plants. The longest development time of whitefly immature stages was recorded for plants treated with root β-aminobutyric acid application (RBABA) + root Trichoderma application (RT), root salicylic acid application (RSA) + RT, and RT. In a free-choice assay, B. tabaci adults showed a significantly lower preference for settling and oviposition in RBABA + RT, RSA + RT, and RT in comparison with control. In a no-choice assay, B. tabaci females laid significantly fewer eggs on treatments than those in control, with better results observed in RBABA + RT. Plants responded to different treatments and showed higher induction of PPO, POD, and PAL activities, besides the higher accumulation of phenols in RBABA + RT, RSA + RT, and RT treatments. These results suggest that RBABA + RT, RSA + RT, and RT could be utilized for the induction of effective plant defense against B. tabaci.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Vali–e–Asr University of Rafsanjan (Rafsanjan, Iran) for supporting this experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr Univ of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran

    F Jafarbeigi, M A Samih & H Alaei

  2. Dept of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr Univ of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran

    H Shirani

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  1. F Jafarbeigi
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  2. M A Samih
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  3. H Alaei
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  4. H Shirani
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Contributions

FT, MAS, HA, and HS conceived and designed the experimental work and analysis; FT executed experimental work; FT and HA performed experimental data analyses; FT and HA wrote the manuscript; MAS and HS checked the English text and revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to F Jafarbeigi.

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Jafarbeigi, F., Samih, M.A., Alaei, H. et al. Induced Tomato Resistance Against Bemisia tabaci Triggered by Salicylic Acid, β-Aminobutyric Acid, and Trichoderma. Neotrop Entomol 49, 456–467 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00771-0

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