Insect pollinators improve seed production in globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus)
Gaetana Mazzeo
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Aurelio Scavo
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Correspondence
Dr Aurelio Scavo, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia, 5, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Email: aurelio.scavo@unict.it
Search for more papers by this authorAntonino Lo Monaco
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSanti Longo
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni Mauromicale
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGaetana Mazzeo
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Aurelio Scavo
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Correspondence
Dr Aurelio Scavo, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, via Valdisavoia, 5, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Email: aurelio.scavo@unict.it
Search for more papers by this authorAntonino Lo Monaco
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorSanti Longo
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni Mauromicale
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The role of many insect species in crop pollination has been widely studied. The use of entomophilous pollination, commonly adopted for other crops, may be of key importance in order to improve seed yields in seed-propagated globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) cultivars. In this regard, in a 2-year field experiment, the role of two honeybees (Apis mellifera ligustica and A. mellifera siciliana) and one bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) was evaluated on the seed production of two globe artichoke cultivars in caged-protected environments. Overall, the number and weight of seeds plant−1 and head−1, 1,000 seed weight and fruit setting were higher in caged plants with imposed pollination than open field plants. The pollination efficiency was both insect and cultivar dependent. Both honeybee species performed better on the Mediterranean cultivar ‘Violetto di Sicilia’, while the bumblebee performed better on the Brazilian cultivar ‘NP4’. These results could be very useful to modernise the agronomic management of globe artichoke and reduce the costs of cultivation. In addition, such knowledge can be used to improve the seed production in globe artichoke seed-propagated cultivars and cardoon. This will benefit the bioenergy, nutraceutical, cosmetic and ornamental applications.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no potential conflict of interest.
Supporting Information
Filename | Description |
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aab12570-sup-0001-Tables.docxWord 2007 document , 15.1 KB | Table S1 Fruit setting data on logit scale and corresponding LSD values. Significant interactions resulting from analysis of variance are reported. Table S2. Flower visitation time data on log scale and corresponding LSD values. Significant main factors at p ≤ 0.001 resulting from analysis of variance are reported. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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