Abstract
Sphyraena qenie Klunzinger 1870 and Sphyraena putnamae Jordan and Seale 1905 (Sphyraenidae) are similar to each other in sharing elongated last rays of the second dorsal and anal fins, an entirely blackish caudal fin, and lacking spines on the first gill-arch platelets. Sphyraena qenie, previously considered distinguishable from S. putnamae in having a pair of small lobes on the caudal-fin central margin (vs. lobes absent in S. putnamae) and 18–22 dark lateral bands on the body (vs. about 15 bands), is further characterized by several newly recognized diagnostic features, including number of scale rows between the eye and preopercular margin, and several morphometrics, viz., upper-jaw, pre-dorsal fin, pre-pelvic fin, anterior second dorsal- and anal-fin ray, and caudal-peduncle lengths. A key to the Indo-Pacific species of Sphyraena lacking gill rakers is provided, and Japanese records of S. qenie reviewed, including a new specimen from Satsuma Peninsula, Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu, which represents the northernmost record for the species and first record from the Japanese mainland.
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Acknowledgements
We are especially grateful to O. Sakamoto (Kasasa, Kagoshima) for collecting the S. qenie specimen. We also appreciate K. Uehara (GT Divers, Okinoerabu-jima Island) for providing underwater photographs, K. Fujiwara (KAUM) for helpful advice on the manuscript, Y. Haraguchi and other volunteers and students of KAUM for their kind assistance, and G. Hardy (Ngunguru, New Zealand) for reading the manuscript and providing help with English. Vietnamese specimens were collected with the support of the Institute of Marine Environment and Resources (Haiphone) and the Ha Long Bay Management Department (Ha Long), with permission for use of the specimens granted by the Biodiversity Conservation Agency, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Hanoi). Malaysian specimens were collected during the JSPS (the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan) Asian Core Program, “Establishment of Research and Education Network on Coastal Marine Science in Southeast Asia”, and the JSPS Core-to-Core Program: B Asia-Africa Science Platforms, supported by the Ministry of Higher Education (Government of Malaysia), University Putra Malaysia, and University Malaysia Terengganu. This study was supported in part by the Fujiwara Natural History Foundation, a Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from the Japan Science Society (Grant Number: 29-737), the President’s Strategic Priority Budget from the University of Miyazaki, JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP19770067, JP26241027, JP24370041, JP23580259, and JP26450265; the JSPS Core-to-Core Program: B Asia-Africa Science Platforms; the “Biological Properties of Biodiversity Hotspots in Japan” project of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan; “Establishment of Research and Education Network on Biodiversity and Its Conservation in the Satsunan Islands” project of Kagoshima University adopted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan; and the “Island Research” project of Kagoshima University.
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Morishita, S., Miki, R., Wada, H. et al. Morphological comparisons of Sphyraena qenie with S. putnamae, with a revised key to Indo-Pacific species of Sphyraena lacking gill rakers (Sphyraenidae). Ichthyol Res 67, 456–463 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-020-00738-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-020-00738-6