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Angiosperm endemism in a Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hot-point

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Abstract

Given the importance of understanding endemic species distribution for conservation strategies and the status of the Atlantic Forest as a conservation hotspot, we carried out a study to evaluate where are located the areas of endemism (AoE) at Bahia Coastal Forests (BCF), a threatened and species rich area of this hotspot. To achieve this aim, we recovered and filtered the occurrence data of 547 angiosperm taxa endemic to BCF and applied endemicity analyses using different grid cell sizes (5′ × 5′, 10′ × 10′, and 15′ × 15′) and data extrapolation options. A consensus rule was applied to the resulting areas, joining AoE that shared at least 40% of its species. Most of the recovered AoE are located in the central region of BCF, which might be related to a higher humidity compared to northern and southern areas, which had fewer areas recovered. These results could also reflect the higher sampling effort in the central region of BCF, as this area had most intensive botanical studies so far. The use of extrapolation options generated more AoE regardless of cell size; this technique indicated potential AoE that would not have been detected otherwise due to low sampling effort, such as the vicinities of Wenceslau Guimarães at northwestern BCF. We recommend that more botanical exploration should be done at BCF northern and southern areas to overcome sampling bias and define more accurately the number and limits of AoE, highlighting the need for more focused conservation strategies in this hot-point within the Atlantic Forest.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal deNível Superior (CAPES) for awarding a Master Fellowship to POB, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the Research Productivity Fellowship to AMA (Grant# 310717/2015-9), and PF (Grant # 306228/2016-5), and all specialists that provided updated information on endemic species distribution.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

    Piera Ostroski

  2. Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Cariacica, Cariacica, ES, Brazil

    Felipe Zamborlini Saiter

  3. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil

    André Márcio Amorim

  4. Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil

    André Márcio Amorim

  5. Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

    Pedro Fiaschi

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  1. Piera Ostroski
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  2. Felipe Zamborlini Saiter
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  3. André Márcio Amorim
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  4. Pedro Fiaschi
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Contributions

PO substantially contributed to the concept and design of the study, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, manuscript preparation, and critical revision augmenting intellectual content. FZS, AMA, and PF substantially contributed to the concept and design of the study, data analysis and interpretation, manuscript preparation, and critical revision augmenting intellectual content.

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Correspondence to Piera Ostroski.

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Ostroski, P., Saiter, F.Z., Amorim, A.M. et al. Angiosperm endemism in a Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hot-point. Braz. J. Bot 43, 397–404 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-020-00603-w

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