Abstract
The ionospheric anomalies are often responsible for compromising the accuracy and performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) is the autonomous Space Based Augmentation System of India which serves to provide timely error detection and correction for the corrupted GNSS signals in aircrafts. This paper discusses a Maximum Minimum Eigen (MME) detector to identify the ionosphere induced errors in the GNSS signals. Data has been collected from 24 different GAGAN receivers spread over the length and breadth of India from January to December, 2015. The climatology of ionospheric anomaly over India, has been established using the MME detector. This paper discusses the spatio-temporal dependence of ionospheric anomalies over India. The observations indicate an increased ionospheric activity in the course of equinoxes and a comparitively quiet ionosphere in the course of solstices. A higher number of ionospheric disturbance incidents have been noticed closer to the anomaly crest. The results from the MME detector have been verified against the Rate of Total Electron Content (TEC) Index (ROTI) values and S4 observations for the year 2015 at the 24 GAGAN TEC stations. The disturbance climatology obtained from MME detector, ROTI and S4 exhibit a high correlation. However, the outcome of the MME detector clearly shows that it is capable of picking up even small irregularities in the ionospheric TEC.
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Acknowledgements
The present work has been carried out under the project titled ‘Development of Single Frequency Ionospheric correction and plasma bubble detection algorithms using GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) and Navigation Indian Constellation (NAVIC) TEC observations’ sponsored by NAVIC–GAGAN Utilization Program at Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad, India. The authors would like to acknowledge the Director, Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Ahmedabad, India for providing the data. They convey their sincere thanks to D.K. Das, SAC Director, Dr. Nikhilesh, Deputy Director, Dr. Atul Shukla, SAC, ISRO, Dr. Rajat Acharya SAC-ISRO and Dr. Ashish Shukla, SAC-ISRO. The views presented in the paper represent solely the opinion of the authors and should be considered as research results not strictly related to the NAVIC or GAGAN project design.
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Sridhar, K.M., Sridhar, M., Raghunath, S. et al. Ionospheric anomaly detection and Indian ionospheric climatology from GAGAN receivers. Acta Geod Geophys 55, 223–235 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40328-020-00290-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40328-020-00290-9