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Trophic preferences of three pelagic fish inhabiting the Galapagos Marine Reserve: ecological inferences using multiple analyses

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Abstract

There is a great need to understand how resource interactions alter the functioning of ecosystems, where the selective elimination of pelagic fishes can lead to changes in food web structure. This work analyzes the trophic niches of three species of commercial importance in the Galapagos Marine Reserve, yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares (TA), skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis (KP), and wahoo, Acanthocybium solandri (AS), via multiple analyses. According to the prey-specific index of relative importance, the most important prey for TA was Dosidicus gigas, while for AS it was unidentified pelagic fish. Interspecific differences were found between the isotopic signatures of AS and those of TA and KP. The isotope mixing model provides evidence for some predominance of D. gigas in the diets of TA and KP, while the fishes Selar crumenophthalmus and Paranthias colonus contribute to the diet of AS. The stable isotope Bayesian ellipses show a high overlap between TA and KP, suggesting a similar use of resources and feeding areas, while the ellipse of AS does not overlap with that of the other species. Both AS and TA were present around the islands more commonly during the day, with a peak in detections in the morning for AS and a greater presence of TA throughout the afternoon; there were only a few detections of KP in the days immediately after tagging. In summary, the results of this study suggest a pelagic foraging strategy with differential consumption of prey between AS and the other species.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Galápagos National Park (GNP) for logistical support and granting us permission to collect the samples used in this study. We also thank the Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ) in Ecuador and Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR) in Mexico for financial and logistical support during the preparation of this manuscript. We thank artisanal fishermen of Galapagos, especially Carlos Bailón and his work group, who collaborated during the field phase of this project. Thanks also to the crew of the M/V Ocearch, who funded and carried out the sample collection and tagging under permit PC-01-14. J.B.-M. thanks the Charles Darwin Foundation and WWF International for the support provided for the sampling. F.G.-M. and A.T.-Q. thank the Instituto Politécnico Nacional for the fellowships granted through the "Comisión de Operación y Fomento de Actividades Académicas" (COFAA) and the "Estímulo al Desempeño de los Investigadores" (EDI). Finally, D.P.-R. and A.H. thank the Galapagos Science Center for providing the facilities for information processing and analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Galapagos Science Center, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Alsacio Northía, Isla San Cristóbal, Galápagos, Ecuador

    Diego Páez-Rosas & Alex Hearn

  2. Dirección del Parque Nacional Galápagos, Unidad Técnica Operativa San Cristóbal, Av. Perimetral, Isla San Cristóbal, Galápagos, Ecuador

    Diego Páez-Rosas

  3. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s, /n, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México

    Felipe Galván-Magaña & Arturo Tripp-Valdez

  4. Departamento de Ciencias, Fundación Charles Darwin, Av. Charles Darwin, Isla Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador

    Jorge Baque-Menoscal

  5. Ministerio de Acuacultura y Pesca del Ecuador, Dirección de Pesca Artesanal, Av. Baltra, Isla Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador

    Jorge Baque-Menoscal

  6. OCEARCH, Summit County, Park City, Utah, USA

    Chris Fischer

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  1. Diego Páez-Rosas
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Correspondence to Diego Páez-Rosas.

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Annex 1

Cumulative trophic diversity curves for all stomachs of T. albacares and A. solandri. Cumulative prey diversity is based on the Shannon-Wiener index (H´) (n = optimum sample size for each species)(PNG 1813 kb)

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Páez-Rosas, D., Galván-Magaña, F., Baque-Menoscal, J. et al. Trophic preferences of three pelagic fish inhabiting the Galapagos Marine Reserve: ecological inferences using multiple analyses. Environ Biol Fish 103, 647–665 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-020-00967-8

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