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Effect of plunging depth and dwelling time on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy welded by protrusion friction stir spot welding

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Abstract

The pin tool used in conventional friction stir spot welding creates a keyhole that reduces the surface quality of the welds and has a negative effect on the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. In the present work, protrusion friction stir spot welding, a simple method that avoids keyhole formation, is applied to weld AA6061 thin sheets with thickness of 1 mm. Tool rotation speed is constant, and dwelling times are set as 4, 6, and 8 s with different plunging depths of 0.1, 0.14, and 0.18 mm. Macrostructure, microstructure, and mechanical examinations are used to indicate the optimum processing conditions. Mechanical properties are affected by the average grain size of SZ and geometric parameters such as the SZ depth, the joint length and area, the joint thickness, and effective thickness of upper sheet of the welded samples. Results indicate the maximum peak load at 8 s-0.18 mm (4495 N) and maximum failure energy at 4 s-0.1 mm (5.5 J) and 8 s-0.18 mm (5.6 J).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran

    O. Zareie, H. Zareie & N. Farmanbar

  2. Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Gonabad, Gonabad, Iran

    S. M. Mousavizade

  3. Faculty of Engineering, Sabzevar University of New Technology, Sabzevar, Iran

    H. R. Ezatpour

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  1. O. Zareie
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  2. S. M. Mousavizade
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  3. H. R. Ezatpour
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  4. H. Zareie
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  5. N. Farmanbar
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Correspondence to S. M. Mousavizade or H. R. Ezatpour.

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Recommended for publication by Commission III - Resistance Welding, Solid State Welding, and Allied Joining Process

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Zareie, O., Mousavizade, S.M., Ezatpour, H.R. et al. Effect of plunging depth and dwelling time on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy welded by protrusion friction stir spot welding. Weld World 64, 785–805 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-020-00884-5

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