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Early production of reactive oxygen species coupled with an efficient antioxidant system play a role in potato resistance to late blight

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Abstract

The association between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and potato resistance to the hemibiotrophic pathogen Phytophthora infestans is poorly understood. In this study, the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and soluble phenolics, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were measured during the early biotrophic and late necrotrophic stages of P. infestans infection on resistant and susceptible ‘Ovatio’ and ‘Bintje’ potato plants, respectively. Pathogen biomass was examined using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Late blight (LB) severity was also evaluated. The LB severity in Ovatio was lower than that in Bintje, irrespective of the evaluation time. Moreover, in both cultivars, various biochemical defense responses occurred following pathogen infection. The susceptible cultivar activated defense responses at the later pathogen infection stages, resulting in higher concentrations of H2O2 and greater MDA content, with lower activity of antioxidant enzymes and phenolic content. These responses were accompanied by the necrotrophic phase, leading to extensive necrotic lesions on leaves. In contrast, fast hypersensitive-like lesions, an early peak in H2O2 concentration, low cell membrane integrity during the biotrophic phase, and a more efficient antioxidative system effectively restricted pathogen colonization before the transition to the necrotrophic phase in the resistant cultivar. These results suggest that LB resistance or susceptibility is regulated by a balance between the induction of ROS/antioxidants (intensity and timing) and the trophic phase of P. infestans.

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Acknowledgments

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this work through research group No. RG-1440-029.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Mahmoud H. El_Komy, Amgad A. Saleh, Yasser E. Ibrahim & Younes Y. Molan

  2. Plant Pathology Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt

    Mahmoud H. El_Komy & Yasser E. Ibrahim

  3. Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Giza, Egypt

    Amgad A. Saleh

Authors
  1. Mahmoud H. El_Komy
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  2. Amgad A. Saleh
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  3. Yasser E. Ibrahim
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  4. Younes Y. Molan
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Contributions

MHK designed and performed the experiments, collected the data and wrote the manuscript. AAS, YEI, and YYM analyzed the experimental data and helped in writing the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript critically.

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Correspondence to Mahmoud H. El_Komy.

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Authors declare that this manuscript have not published elsewhere. All authors read and approved the final version of this manuscript. The authors declare that the present work was developed without any potential conflict of interest, with no human or animal participants.

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El_Komy, M.H., Saleh, A.A., Ibrahim, Y.E. et al. Early production of reactive oxygen species coupled with an efficient antioxidant system play a role in potato resistance to late blight. Trop. plant pathol. 45, 44–55 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-019-00318-8

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