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Taxonomy, diet and geographical provenance of fossil species of Sigmodon from west central Mexico during the late Pleistocene

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Abstract

The information of diet, habitat and geographic location of animals obtained from fossil deposits is important to understand the environmental changes of a place that occurred through time. Most of the paleoecological research in Mexico is centered on large mammal taxa. A minimal research effort is allocated to small vertebrates which due to their relative brief longevity and small territories, provide fine-scale paleoenvironmental information. In the present work, the occlusal morphology of the first molar was analyzed, as well as the dental microwear marks and the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio in fossil and extant relatives of the genus Sigmodon from La Cinta-Portalitos locality, situated on the northern portion of the Cuitzeo Basin, central western Mexico. Goals included determining species richness within Sigmodon, as well as dietary behavior and geographic origin. Based on the comparison of the occlusal morphology of fossils and modern teeth, three fossil species were distinguished: S. hispidus, S. leucotis and S. alleni. Microwear patterns showed that S. hispidus population could be associated to a grazer diet, inhabiting open areas, similar to the extant populations. The species S. leucotis exhibited a microwear signature associated to a grazer diet as well, and S. alleni revealed a fruit–grass–insect feeding behavior. Finally, in the case of S. hispidus, the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic signature proved to be like that of the bedrock, so the S. hispidus population was local and a suitable indicator of paleoenvironmental conditions of La Cinta-Portalitos.

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Fig. 1

Source: own elaboration using INEGI data. BTA basaltic trachyandesite, B basalt, Sed sediment

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all students (Facultad de Biología, UMSNH) that were involved and collaborated during fieldwork. We also acknowledge Teodoro Hernández Treviño for help with sample preparations and Gerardo F. Arrieta García for his technical assistance during Sr isotope analyses (both from LUGIS, UNAM). To SEM technician Mario Monroy Escamilla. The Mammals Collection of the Mammalogy Laboratory of UMSNH. The Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) provided a master’s grant to RC-B. The Consejo Técnico de la Investigación Científica, UNAM, provided a DGAPA-PAPIIT postdoctoral grant to AHM-L. Sr isotope analyses were fully funded by LUGIS, UNAM. Finally, we appreciate the valuable comments of the reviewers Florent Rivals and Lawrence Flynn, and editors Mike Reich and Thomas Mörs which enriched considerably this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Paleontología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. R 2°. Piso. Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Raymundo Cervantes-Barriga, Alejandro Hiram Marín-Leyva & María Luisa García-Zepeda

  2. Laboratorio Universitario de Geoquímica Isotópica (LUGIS), Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria Del. Coyoacán, C.P. 04150, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Alejandro Hiram Marín-Leyva & Peter Schaaf

  3. Laboratorio de Entomología “Biol, Sócrates Cisneros Paz”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. B4 2°. Piso. Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Javier Ponce-Saavedra

  4. Laboratorio de Arqueozoología “M. en C. Ticul Álvarez Solórzano”, Subdirección de Laboratorio y Apoyo Académico, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Moneda #16 Col. Centro, C.P. 06060, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Joaquín Arroyo-Cabrales

  5. Depto. de Procesos Litosféricos, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria Del. Coyoacán, C.P. 04150, Ciudad de México, Mexico

    Gabriela Solís-Pichardo

  6. Laboratorio de Vertebrados Terrestres Prioritarios, Edificio de Investigación, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Jardín Botánico, C.P. 58194, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Tiberio Monterrubio-Rico

  7. Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología (CMEB), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Horacio Cano-Camacho

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  1. Raymundo Cervantes-Barriga
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Correspondence to Alejandro Hiram Marín-Leyva.

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Cervantes-Barriga, R., Marín-Leyva, A.H., García-Zepeda, M.L. et al. Taxonomy, diet and geographical provenance of fossil species of Sigmodon from west central Mexico during the late Pleistocene. PalZ 95, 145–161 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-020-00512-z

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