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A study of peroxyacetyl nitrate at a rural site in Beijing based on continuous observations from 2015 to 2019 and the WRF-Chem model

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Abstract

Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is one of the most important photochemical pollutants and has aroused much concern in China in recent decades. However, few studies described the long-term variations in PAN in China. In this study, we continuously monitored the PAN, O3 and NOx concentrations at a regional background site near Beijing from August 2015 to February 2019. Based on the observed concentrations and climate data, we analyzed the seasonal PAN variations. The results revealed that the monthly mean PAN concentration ranged from 0.33–2.41 ppb, with an average value of 0.94 ppb. The PAN concentration exhibited a distinct seasonal variation, with high values in spring and low values in winter. After analyzing the corresponding meteorological data, we found that stronger ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a relatively longer lifetime and a higher background PAN concentration contributed to the high PAN concentrations in spring. In addition, with the utilization of the WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry) model, the cause of the extremely high PAN concentration in spring 2018 was determined. The model results demonstrated that an anomalously low pressure and the southwesterly winds in northern China might be the main causes of the increased PAN concentration in Beijing and its surrounding area in spring 2018.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the staff of the Shangdianzi station for their excellent work. This research is supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 8194078), National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0201902), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91744206). All of the observational data and modeling results have been archived by the corresponding author, Prof. Zhiqiang Ma (zqma@ium.cn) and are available upon request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100089, China

    Yulu Qiu & Zhiqiang Ma

  2. Beijing Shangdianzi Regional Atmosphere Watch Station, Beijing, 101507, China

    Yulu Qiu, Zhiqiang Ma, Weijun Quan, Weiwei Pu, Yingruo Li, Liyan Zhou & Qingfeng Shi

  3. Environmental Meteorology Forecast Center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Beijing, 100089, China

    Yulu Qiu, Zhiqiang Ma, Weijun Quan, Weiwei Pu, Yingruo Li, Liyan Zhou & Qingfeng Shi

  4. College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China

    Weili Lin

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  1. Yulu Qiu
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  2. Zhiqiang Ma
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  3. Weili Lin
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Correspondence to Zhiqiang Ma.

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Highlights

• PAN concentrations at a rural site near Beijing were monitored from 2015 to 2019.

• PAN concentrations exhibited high values in spring and low values in winter.

• Anomalously southerlies induced extreme high PAN concentration in spring 2018.

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Qiu, Y., Ma, Z., Lin, W. et al. A study of peroxyacetyl nitrate at a rural site in Beijing based on continuous observations from 2015 to 2019 and the WRF-Chem model. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 14, 71 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1250-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1250-0

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