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Reappraisal of arctostylopid mammal Kazachostylops occidentalis from the late Paleocene of Kazakhstan and phylogenetic relationships within Arctostylopida

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2019

Alexander O. Averianov Open the ORCID record for Alexander O. Averianov [Opens in a new window]
Alexander O. Averianov*
Affiliation:
Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034Saint Petersburg, Russia Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technology, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str. 4/5, 420008Kazan, Russia
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Abstract

Kazachostylops occidentalis Nesov, 1987b, based on partial maxilla and dentary from the upper Paleocene Zhylga locality in South Kazakhstan, is redescribed. A new phylogenetic hypothesis of Arctostylopida is proposed based on phylogenetic analysis of 26 characters and 17 taxa. Kazachostylops is recovered as a sister taxon to the Arctostylopinae, the advanced clade of Asian and North American arctostylopids characterized by pseudohypocone on upper molars and reduced trigonid of lower molars, with the ectolophid being attached labial on the trigonid. Kazachostylops differs from more basal arctostylopids (Asiostylops, Allostylops, Bothriostylops, and Wanostylops) by higher-crowned molars, M1–3 metaconule absent, m1–3 entoconid connected with ectolophid by entolophid, and m2 wider than m1 and m3. Principal component analyses of the upper and lower dentition of arctostylopids show great distinctness of Kazachostylops from other members of the group. The arctostylopid taxa are reviewed, and the new genus Enantiostylops is erected for ‘Sinostylops’ progressus Tang and Yan, 1976 from the lower Eocene of China, because of uniquely concave parastylar area on upper molars.

UUID: http://zoobank.org/a46d8f29-fd73-4e59-88dc-fcc55b12d1d3

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 94 , Issue 3 , May 2020 , pp. 568 - 579
Copyright
Copyright © 2019, The Paleontological Society

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