Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as an underlying mechanism of inorganic phosphate (Pi)-induced mineralization of osteogenic cells
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Graphical abstract
The proposed mechanism underlying differential osteogenic cells responses to Pi-induced intracellular ROS and exogenous ROS: Pi-induced ROS (green) increase mineralization by activating Erk1/2 MAPKs and increasing osteogenic gene expression without inducing osteogenic cell death. Exogenous ROS (red) activates Erk1/2 MAPKs as well stress-associated MAPKs (P38 and JNK1/2), which may drive cytotoxic effect of the extracellular ROS.
Keywords
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Inorganic phosphate (Pi)
Mineralization
Signaling
Osteogenic cells
Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs)
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© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.