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Advancement in biogas production from the solid waste by optimizing the anaerobic digestion

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A Correction to this article was published on 27 August 2021

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Abstract

The crisis of fossil fuel and their negative impact on the environment has caused concern among the scientific communities leading them to look around for renewable sources of energy. This review has emphasized the efficient utilization of organic municipal solid waste as well as agriculture waste in an anaerobic digester for the production of biogas as a sustainable renewable energy. Recent advances in biogas production along with previous research work have been discussed to offer a comprehensive synopsis of the accumulated knowledge. This review also elucidates about the design of an anaerobic digester, the prospect of anaerobic digestion and opportunity in new advances in technology. Biogas is one of the most accepted sustainable renewable energy. The characterization, elimination of contaminants, pretreatment, anaerobic digestion in optimum condition and utilization of energy crops enhanced the efficiency of an anaerobic digester. Pretreatment of segregated organic solid waste increased its putrescibility and further biogas production. The optimized parameters in this review were pH, temperature, loading rate, C/N ratio and solid/liquid ratio of the feedstock. The flow rate of the feedstock was optimized according to the available volume of the digester, residence time and the characteristics of the feedstock. The design of an anaerobic digester should be preferably cylindrical in shape, with a diameter ranging from 6 to 40 m, the depth ranging from 7.5 to 15 m and the conical floor having a slope around 15%. A comprehensive reform in technical, economic, and social policies is essential to accomplish a sustainable energy system considering biogas as a future renewable energy. The flowsheet of the biogas and methanol production has been given in Fig. 1.

Flowsheet of the biogas and methanol production

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Abbreviations

NH3 :

Ammonia

AD:

Anaerobic digester

AW:

Agriculture waste

HCO3 − :

Bicarbonate ion

BMP:

Biochemical methane potential

BOD:

Biochemical oxygen demand

BDVS:

Biodegradable volatile solid

BTHD:

Batch tunnel horizontal digester

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

CVPF:

Continuous vertical plug flow digester

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

CSTR:

Continuous stirred tank reactor

EC:

Energy crops

EGSB:

Expanded granular sludge bed reactor

HRT:

Hydraulic retention time

IC:

Internal circulation reactor

CH4 :

Methane

MSW:

Municipal solid waste

ORP:

Oxidation reduction potential

pH:

Potentia of hydrogen ion

SRT:

Solid retention time

UASB:

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

VS:

Volatile solid

VFA:

Volatile fatty acid

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The author thanks the JUET administrative and academic staff for providing valuable support and facility to extend this review and research work in reality. Thanks to all.

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  1. Department of Environmental Science/Chemistry, Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology, Raghogarh, Guna, MP, 473226, India

    Sunil Kumar Srivastava

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Srivastava, S.K. Advancement in biogas production from the solid waste by optimizing the anaerobic digestion. Waste Dispos. Sustain. Energy 2, 85–103 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42768-020-00036-x

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