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Mapping and Monitoring the Selected Wetlands of Punjab, India, Using Geospatial Techniques

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Abstract

Wetland inventories especially on their spatial extent are a prerequisite for management and conservation of any wetland. The advancement in geospatial techniques has offered a wide range of methodological applications to prepare the inventories and to understand the dynamics of wetlands. The freely available Landsat imagery has been widely used in extracting spatial and temporal information about wetlands. The literature suggests that wetland has declined all over the globe over the past few decades. This study aims to prepare land use/land cover information of three wetlands of Punjab (Harike, Ropar, and Nangal) through direct on screen digitization and through digital processing using automatic digital indices as well. Evaluation of the performance of two band indices, normalized difference water index (NDWI) and modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) is also taken up in the present study. Landsat data of two periods-1990/91 and of 2018 are used for the study to perform two band indices. The result indicates that the NDWI and MNDWI are less time consuming and serve the purpose of mapping and monitoring wetlands with higher accuracy.

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Acknowledgments

The United States Geological Survey (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/) is thankfully acknowledged for providing Landsat images free of cost. The National Remote Sensing Agency, Hyderabad, is acknowledged for providing satellite images. The first author is thankful to the UGC for granting research fellowship. The authors are grateful to the Central University of Punjab for providing necessary infrastructural facilities. The constructive comments of the anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India

    Gaurav Kumar & Kiran Kumari Singh

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  1. Gaurav Kumar
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  2. Kiran Kumari Singh
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The First author mapped the land use classes of the wetlands and conducted the ground verification at various locations. The second author performed the digital classifications and wrote the manuscript. Both the authors equally participated in revision process.

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Correspondence to Gaurav Kumar or Kiran Kumari Singh.

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Kumar, G., Singh, K.K. Mapping and Monitoring the Selected Wetlands of Punjab, India, Using Geospatial Techniques. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 48, 615–625 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-020-01104-9

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