Abstract
To sufficiently transmit the shear force of a perfobond strip shear connector in steel–concrete hybrid structures, the arrangement of the surrounding reinforcements is essential to improve the restraining effect around the perfobond strip. However, in cases of joint structures with small dimensions and rush work on site, because the arrangement of reinforcements in the joint is challenging, steel fiber-reinforced mortar (SFRM) can be used along with a perfobond strip to improve the restraining effect around the perfobond strip. This study investigates the shear behavior of a perfobond strip that uses SFRM without surrounding reinforcements. Push-out tests were conducted focusing on the effect of steel fibers inside the SFRM, SFRM compressive strength, perforation diameter, and dimensions of the mortar block around the perfobond strip. Findings of the study confirmed that the steel fibers inside the mortar contribute to the restraining effect around the perfobond strip, thus preventing a rapid drop in the shear force beyond the shear capacity of the perfobond strip. The shear capacity of the perfobond strip combined with SFRM increased with the perforation diameter, SFRM compressive strength, and dimensions of the mortar block around the perfobond strip. Several shear capacity evaluation equations proposed in previous studies are not applicable for evaluating the shear capacity of the perfobond strip that uses SFRM without surrounding reinforcements. Here, the shear capacity of the perfobond strip can be evaluated by considering the correlation between the experimental parameters of this study, but more test data are required.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Leonhardt F, Andra W, Andra HP, Harre W (1987) Neues vorteilhaftes Verbundmittel fur Stahlverbund-Tragwerke mit hoher Dauerfestigkeit. Beton Stahlbetonbau 82:325–331. https://doi.org/10.1002/best.198700500(in German)
Nakajima A, Hashimoto M, Nguyen MH, Suzuki Y (2014) Shear resisting mechanism and shear resistance evaluation of perfobond strip without penetrating rebar. J Jpn Soc Civ Eng A 70:20–30. https://doi.org/10.2208/jscejseee.70.II_20(in Japanese)
Nguyen MH, Nakajima A (2015) Experimental study on shear resistance evaluation of perfobond strip without the penetrating rebar. Proc Eighth Struct Eng Construct Conf (2005 ISEC Press), pp 81–87. https://doi.org/10.14455/ISEC.res.2015.163
Fujii K, Dokan Y, Iwasaki H, Himukai M, Mori K, Yamaguchi S (2014) Ultimate shear strength of perfobond strip. J Jap Soc Civ 70:II53–II68. https://doi.org/10.2208/jscejseee.70.II_53(in Japanese)
He S, Fang Z, Fang Y, Liu M, Liu L, Mosallam A (2016) Experimental study on perfobond strip connector in steel-concrete joints of hybrid bridges. J Constr Steel Res 118:169–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.11.009
Zhao C, Li Z, Deng K, Wang W (2018) Experimental investigation on the bearing mechanism of Perfobond rib shear connectors. Eng Struct 159:172–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.12.047
Hirose T, Nagao C, Nakajima A, Nguyen MH (2017) Experimental study on joint structure of precast PC slab using perfobond strip. Proc 12th Symp Res App Hybrid Comp Struct 1–8. https://library.jsce.or.jp/jsce/open/00023/2017/12-0013.pdf (in Japanese)
Aoki K, Uehira K, Tanaka Y, Takagi K (2011) Development of new joint method for precast railing. Proc 9th Symp Res Appl Hybrid Comp Struct 1–8. https://library.jsce.or.jp/jsce/open/00023/2011/09-0039.pdf (in Japanese)
Sato Y, Nishimura Y (2009) Shear failure behavior of perfobond rib under shear force at single fracture surface. Proc Jap Concrete Inst 31:1171–1176 [in Japanese]. https://data.jci-net.or.jp/data_html/31/031-01-2196.html (in Japanese)
Ryu H-K, Kim Y-J, Chang S-P (2007) Experimental study on static and fatigue strength of loop joints. Eng Struct 29:145–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.04.014
Jean PV, Robert LV, Raj K (2018) Headed bar connections between precast concrete elements: Design recommendations and practical applications. Struct 15:162–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2018.06.008
Rashid H, Alain S, Anaclet T, Frederic D (2011) Damage model for concrete reinforced with sliding metallic fibers. Int J Mech Mater Des 7:83–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10999-011-9152-8
Oguejiofor EC, Hosain MU (1997) Numerical analysis of push-out specimens with perfobond rib connectors. Comp Struct 26:617–624. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00270-2
Ahn JH, Lee CG, Won JH, Kim SH (2010) Shear resistance of the perfobond-rib shear connector depending on concrete strength and rib arrangement. J Constr Steel Res 66:1295–1307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.04.008
Vianna JC, Andrade SAL, Vellasco PCG, Costa-Neves LF (2013) Experimental study of perfobond shear connectors in composite construction. J Constr Steel Res 81:62–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.11.002
Nakajima A, Nguyen MH (2016) Strain behavior of penetrating rebar in perfobond strip and its evaluation of shear resistance. J Jpn Soc Civil Eng 4:1–18. https://doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.4.1_1
Lin W, Yoda T, Taniguchi N (2014) Application of SFRC in steel–concrete composite beams subjected to hogging moment. J Constr Steel Res 101:175–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.05.008
Wirojjanapirom P, Matsumoto K, Kono K, Kitamura T, Niwa J (2014) Experimental study on shear behavior on PBL joint connections for UFC-PC hybrid girder. J Jpn Soc Civ Eng 2:285–298. https://doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.2.1_285
He S, Fang Z, Mosallam AS (2017) Push-out tests for perfobond strip connectors with UHPC grout in the joints of steel-concrete hybrid bridge girders. Eng Struct 135:177–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.01.008
Committee on hybrid structures of Japan Society of Civil Engineers. Standard Specifications for Hybrid Structures 2014. Japan Society of Civil Engineers 2015. ISBN: 978-4-8106-0882-3 (in Japanese)
European Committee for Standardization (2004) Design of composite steel and concrete structures—Part 1–1: general rules and rules for buildings. Eurocode 4-EN 1994-1-1. ISBN-13: 978-3433030080
Samy G, Alain L (2012) Numerical analysis of frictional contact effects in push-out tests. Eng Struct 40:39–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.02.025
Takahashi R, Saito S (2013) Influence of boundary condition to push-out test of head stud shear connector. Proc 13th East Asia-Pacific Conf on Struct Eng and Constr (EASEC-13):E-4-7. https://hdl.handle.net/2115/54358
Chao L, Zhenyuan L, Guoliang B, Yuguang Y (2018) Experiment study on bond slip behavior between section steel and RAC in SRRC structures. Constr Build Mater 175:104–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.120
Tani S, Fujii K (2019) Ultimate strip strength of perfobond strip with small hole confined by concrete cover. Int J Geomate 17:233–240. https://doi.org/10.21660/2019.63.96243
Acknowledgements
None
Funding
This study was funded by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (For Young Scientists (B), Grant Number 18K13816).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by NMH, AN, SF, TM, and MM. The first draft of the manuscript was written by NMH, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors have read and approve the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hai, N.M., Nakajima, A., Fujikura, S. et al. Shear behavior of a perfobond strip with steel fiber-reinforced mortar in a condition without surrounding reinforcements. Mater Struct 53, 45 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-020-01474-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-020-01474-z