Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

An Energy-Related Products Compliant Eco-Design Method with Durability-Embedded Economic and Environmental Assessments

  • Regular Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Assessing the environmental impacts of product systems has become critical, with emphasis on reducing carbon dioxide emissions in line with the new climate change regime. Accordingly, environmental regulations have been newly issued or have stronger requirements for inducing more energy-efficient and environmentally-conscious product development. Therefore, product developers in new product development are being forced to consider various and heterogeneous design performance and are encountering more difficulty and chaos when selecting the best product design among design candidates. The relevant studies have contributed to providing tools and techniques for increasing the environmental soundness of the product; however, they do not holistically accommodate the quantification of functional and economic metrics, nor do they incorporate the compliance with recent environmental legislations. The present work proposes an environmentally-conscious design method that integrates functional, economic, and environmental assessments with the compliance of the energy-related products (ErP) legislation. This method provides analytical capabilities including: (1) a functional assessment to derive the durability of the product to be embedded for practical measurement in the following assessments, (2) a compliance check to ensure that energy-related products fulfill the ErP directive enacted by the European Union, (3) an economic assessment to calculate the total cost during the product lifecycle by using the life cycle cost concept, and (4) an environmental assessment to quantify the environmental loads of the product by using a simplified life cycle assessment. The present work also includes a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method; to this end, two different electronic vacuum cleaners are compared. The results of the present work help product developers use life cycle design thinking for determining their design parameters by checking their compliance with the ErP legislation and assessing economic and environmental metrics with a mechanical analysis of the durability of product systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mu, J., Thomas, E., Peng, G., & Benedetto, A. D. (2017). Strategic orientation and new product development performance: The role of networking capability and networking ability. Industrial Marketing Management, 64, 187–201.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Romli, A., Prickett, P., Setchi, R., & Soe, S. (2015). Integrated eco-design decision-making for sustainable product development. International Journal of Production Research, 53(2), 549–571.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kim, B. J. (2017). Translated: Electricity-hunting ‘Korean Vacuum Cleaner’ prohibited in Europe. https://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N1004380796. Accessed 6 Sep 2017.

  4. Union, E. (2009). Directive 2009/125/EC: Establishing a framework for the setting of eco-design requirements for energy-related products. Office Journal of the European Union, L285, 10–35.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Favi, C., Peruzzini, M., Germani, M. (2012). A lifecycle design approach to analyze the eco-sustainability of industrial products and product-service systems. In International design conference, 879–888, Dubrovnik, Croatia, May 21–24.

  6. Gómez, P., Elduque, D., Clavería, I., Pina, C., & Javierre, C. (2020). Influence of the material composition on the environmental impact of ceramic glasses. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Green Technology, 7, 431–442.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Meng, Q., Li, F. Y., Zhou, L. R., Li, J., Ji, Q., & Yang, X. (2015). A rapid life cycle assessment method based on green features in supporting conceptual design. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Green Technology, 2(2), 189–196.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kara, S., Li, W., & Sadjiva, N. (2017). Life cycle cost analysis of electrical vehicles in Australia. Procedia CIRP, 61, 767–772.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kumaran, D. S., Ong, S. K., Tan, R. B. H., & Nee, A. Y. C. (2001). Environmental life cycle cost analysis of products. Environmental Management and Health, 12(3), 260–276.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ramani, K., Ramanujan, D., Bernstein, W. Z., Zhao, F., Sutherland, J., Handwerker, C., et al. (2010). Integrated sustainable life cycle design: A review. Journal of Mechanical Design, 132(9), 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ricardo, R. E. A. (2015). The durability of products. European Union final report. https://doi.org/10.2779/37050.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ulrich, K. T., & Eppinger, S. D. (2011). Product design and development (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Devanathan, S., Ramanujan, D., Bernstein, W. Z., Zhao, F., & Ramani, K. (2010). Integration of sustainability into early design through the function impact matrix. Journal of Mechanical Design, 132(8), 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Chiu, M. C., & Chu, C. H. (2012). Review of sustainable product design from life cycle perspectives. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 13(7), 1259–1272.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Anastas, P. T., & Zimmerman, J. B. (2003). Design through the 12 principles of green engineering. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 35(3), 94–101.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Telenko, C., & Seepersad, C. C. (2010). A methodology for identifying environmentally conscious guidelines for product design. Journal of Mechanical Design, 132(091009), 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Spangenberg, J. H., Fuad-Luke, A., & Blincoe, K. (2010). Design for sustainability (DfS): The interface of sustainable production and consumption. Journal of Cleaner Production, 18, 1485–1493.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Bovea, M. D., & Pérez-Belis, V. (2012). A taxonomy of ecodesign tools for integrating environmental requirements into the product design process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 20, 61–71.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Huang, H., Zhang, L., Liu, Z., & Sutherland, J. W. (2011). Multi-criteria decision making and uncertainty analysis for materials selection in environmentally conscious design. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 52, 421–432.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Beng, L. G., & Omar, B. (2014). Integrating axiomatic design principles into sustainable product development. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Green Technology, 1(2), 107–117.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Shi, J., Li, Q., Li, H., Li, S., Zhang, J., & Shi, Y. (2017). Eco-design for recycled products: Rejuvenating mullite from coal fly ash. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 124, 67–73.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kazulis, V., Muizniece, I., & Blumberga, D. (2017). Eco-design analysis for innovative bio-product from forest biomass assessment. Energy Procedia, 128, 368–372.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Poudelet, V., Chayer, J. A., Margni, M., Pellerin, R., & Samson, R. (2012). A process-based approach to operationalize life cycle assessment through the development of an eco-design decision-support system. Journal of Cleaner Production, 33, 192–201.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Chang, D., Lee, C. K. M., & Chen, C. H. (2014). Review of life cycle assessment towards sustainable product development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 83, 48–60.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ahmad, S., Wong, K. Y., Tseng, M. L., & Wong, W. P. (2018). Sustainable product design and development: A review of tools, applications and research prospects. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 132, 49–61.

    Google Scholar 

  26. ISO14040. (2006). Environmental management—life cycle assessment—principles and framework. Geneva: International Standards Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Nielsen, P. H., & Wenzel, H. (2002). Integration of environmental aspects in product development: A stepwise procedure based on quantitative life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 10(3), 247–257.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Nam, S., Lee, D. K., Jeong, Y.-K., Lee, P., & Shin, J.-G. (2016). Environmental impact assessment of composite small craft manufacturing using the generic work breakdown structure. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Green Technology, 3(3), 261–272.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Pastor, M. C., Mathieux, F., & Brissaud, D. (2014). Influence of environmental European product policies on product design—current status and future developments. Procedia CIRP, 21, 415–420.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Schischke, K., Nissen, N. F., & Lang, K. D. (2014). Welding equipment under the energy-related products directive: The process of developing Eco-design criteria. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18(4), 517–528.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Abramovici, M., Quezada, A., & Schindler, T. (2014). Methodical approach for rough energy assessment and compliance checking of energy-related product design options. Procedia CIRP, 21, 421–426.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Cellura, M., Rocca, V. L., Longo, S., & Mistretta, M. (2014). Energy and environmental impacts of energy related products (ErP): A case study of biomass-fuelled systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 85, 359–370.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kang, Y. C., Chun, D. M., Jun, Y., & Ahn, S. H. (2014). Computer-aided environmental design system for the energy-using product (EuP) directive. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 11(3), 397–406.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Bomberg, M., & Kisilewicz, T. (2015). Durability of materials and components. Methods of building physics (1st ed., pp. 173–217). Cracow: Cracow University of Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Miller, S. A., Srubar, W. V. I. I. I., Billington, S. L., & Lepech, M. D. (2015). Integrating durability-based service-life predictions with environmental impact assessments of natural fiber–reinforced composite materials. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 99, 72–83.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Ardente, F., & Mathieux, F. (2014). Environmental assessment of the durability of energy-using products: Method and application. Journal of Cleaner Production, 74, 62–73.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Bobba, S., Ardente, F., & Mathieux, F. (2016). Environmental and economic assessment of durability of energy-using products: Method and application to a case-study vacuum cleaner. Journal of Cleaner Production, 137, 762–776.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Liu, H. C., Liu, L., & Liu, N. (2013). Risk evaluation approaches in failure mode and effects analysis: A literature review. Expert Systems with Applications, 40(2), 828–838.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Kemna, R., van Boorn, R. (2016). Study on durability tests—According to Article 7(2) of Commission Regulation (EU) No 666/2013 with regard to ecodesign requirements for vacuum cleaners. Final report, VHK.

  40. Munteanu, R.A., Iudean, D., Zaharia, V., Muresan, C., & Cretu, T. (2013). Implementing a failure mode and effect analysis for small and medium electric motors powered from photovoltaic panels. In 2nd IFAC workshop on convergence of information technologies and control methods with power systems, May 22–24, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, pp. 74–77.

  41. Rusu-Zagar, C., Notingher, P., Navrapescu, V., Mares, G., Rusu-Zagar, G., Setnescu, T., & Setnescu, R. (2013). Method for estimating the lifetime of electric motors insulation. In The 8th international symposium on advanced topics in electrical engineering, May 23–25, Bucharest, Romania.

  42. SKF Group Headquarters. (2018). Rolling bearings. https://www.skf.com/binary/21-121486/Rolling-bearings—17000-EN.pdf. Accessed 24 May 2019.

  43. Union, E. (2013). Implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to eco-design requirements for vacuum cleaners. Office Journal of the European Union, L192, 24–34.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Seo, K. K., Park, J. H., Jang, D. S., & Wallace, D. (2002). Approximate estimation of the product life cycle cost using artificial neural networks in conceptual design. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 19(6), 461–471.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Asiedu, Y., & Gu, P. (1998). Product life cycle cost analysis: State of the art review. International Journal of Production Research, 36(4), 883–908.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  46. Farr, J. V., Faber, I. J., Ganguly, A., Martin, W. A., & Larson, S. L. (2016). Simulation-based costing for early phase life cycle cost analysis: Example application to an environmental remediation project. The Engineering Economist, 61(3), 207–222.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Kellens, K., Dewulf, W., Overcash, M., Hauschild, M. Z., & Duflou, J. R. (2012). Methodology for systematic analysis and improvement of manufacturing unit process life-cycle inventory (UPLCI)—CO2PE! initiative (cooperative effort on process emissions in manufacturing) Part 1: Methodology description. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 17, 69–78.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Park, J., Tae, S., & Kim, T. (2012). Life cycle CO2 assessment of concrete by compressive strength on construction site in Korea. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 2940–2946.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Wernet, G., Bauer, C., Steubing, B., Reinhard, J., Moreno-Ruiz, E., & Weidema, B. (2016). The ecoinvent database version 3 (part I): Overview and methodology. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 21, 1218–1230.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Shin, S. J., Suh, S. H., Stroud, I., & Yoon, S. C. (2017). Process-oriented life cycle assessment framework for environmentally conscious manufacturing. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 28, 1481–1499.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Zia, M. K., Pervaiz, S., Anwar, S., & Samad, W. A. (2019). Reviewing sustainability interpretation of electrical discharge machining process using triple bottom line approach. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Green Technology, 6, 931–945.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Ecoinvent. https://www.ecoinvent.org/. Accessed 22 Apr 2019.

  53. Gallego-Schmid, A., Mendoza, J. M. F., Jeswani, H. K., & Azapagic, A. (2016). Life cycle environmental impacts of vacuum cleaners and the effects of European regulation. Science of the Total Environment, 59, 192–203.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Yoon, H.-S., Lee, J.-Y., Kim, M.-S., Kim, E., Shin, Y.-J., Kim, S.-Y., et al. (2020). Power consumption assessment of machine tool feed drive units. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Green Technology, 7, 455–464.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Bobba, S., Ardente, F., Mathieux, F. (2015). Technical support for environmental footprinting, material efficiency in product policy and the European Platform on LCA—durability assessment of vacuum cleaners. JRC Science and Policy Report, EUR 27512 EN. Luxembourg. https://doi.org/10.2788/563222.

  56. SKF Group Headquarters. (2019). SKF bearing calculator. Version: 1.0.31. https://skfbearingselect.com. Accessed 22 Apr 2019.

  57. European Commission. (2019). Report from the commission to the European parliament, the council, the European economic and social committee and the committee of the regions—energy prices and cost in Europe. Report (COM/2016/0769). https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/data-analysis/energy-prices-and-costs. Accessed 22 Apr 2019.

  58. Kuo, T.-C., Huang, S. H., & Zhang, H.-C. (2001). Design for manufacture and design for ‘X’: concepts, applications and perspectives. Computers and Industrial Engineering, 41, 241–260.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Mesa, J. A., Esparragoza, I., & Maury, H. (2019). Trends and perspectives of sustainable product design for open architecture products: Facing the circular economy model. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Green Technology, 6, 377–391.

    Google Scholar 

  60. European Commission-AEA Energy and Environment. (2009). Work on preparatory studies for eco-design requirements of EuPs (II)—Lot 17 Vacuum cleaners. Final report (ED04902).

  61. Saad, M. H., Darras, B. M., & Nazzal, M. A. (2020). Evaluation of welding process based on multi-dimensional sustainability assessment model. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Green Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00184-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Basic Research Program in Science and Engineering through the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation (NRF-2018R1D1A1B07047100).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Management of Technology, Pukyong National University, 3rd Engineering Building, 365 Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea

    Farrell Samuel Kiling & Min-Kyu Lee

  2. Division of Interdisciplinary Industrial Studies, Hanyang University, 2nd Engineering Building No. 113, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Seung-Jun Shin

  3. Graduate School of Technology and Innovation Management, Hanyang University, 2nd Engineering Building No. 105-1, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Prita Meilanitasari

Authors
  1. Farrell Samuel Kiling
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Seung-Jun Shin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Min-Kyu Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Prita Meilanitasari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Seung-Jun Shin.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (XLSX 1641 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kiling, F.S., Shin, SJ., Lee, MK. et al. An Energy-Related Products Compliant Eco-Design Method with Durability-Embedded Economic and Environmental Assessments. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 8, 561–581 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-020-00213-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-020-00213-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation