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Effects of Plasticity on Patched and Unpatched Center Crack Tension Specimens

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Abstract

Composite patch repairs of aluminum structures are designed using linear elastic fracture mechanics, which compares crack tip predictions to a critical strain energy release rate or stress intensity. Analytical and numerical predictions are reasonable for linear-elastic behavior, but do not account for the elastic-plastic behavior observed at the crack tip of ductile materials below the ultimate load. This research used digital image correlation to study full field displacements and strains ahead of the crack tip for unpatched and patched center crack tension specimens loaded monotonically to failure. Both qualitative and quantitative comparisons show measureable effects of surface reinforcement on crack tip behavior. Free surface fracture response was an intrinsic property of the aluminum from the initial development of the plastic strain zone through crack blunting and ultimately through peak load with all stages occurring at crack opening displacements (COD) independent of the one-sided composite patch reinforcement. Patch reinforcement increased the ultimate tensile load 160% and the total achieved COD by 20% over the unpatched behavior. Increased capacity was related to an increase in accumulated large strain area and distributed plasticity measured on the free surface prior to the end of crack blunting. The direct correlation of fracture behavior indicates patched specimen failure can be predicted using unpatched specimen COD.

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Acknowledgements

Work described was performed by the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division’s Platform Integrity Department, and University of Maryland College Park’s Mechanical and Reliability Engineering department. Financial and technical support was provided by an U.S Office of Naval Research In-house Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) program element 97X4930N under Dr. Jack Price, and a grant provided to UMD by program officer Dr. Paul Hess of the Office of Naval Research Code 331 under grant number N000141612351. Opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect opinions of the sponsors.

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  1. Naval Surface Warfare Center, Naval Sea Systems Command, Carderock, MD, USA

    D.C. Hart

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA

    D.C. Hart & H.A. Bruck

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  1. D.C. Hart
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  2. H.A. Bruck
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Correspondence to D.C. Hart.

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Hart, D., Bruck, H. Effects of Plasticity on Patched and Unpatched Center Crack Tension Specimens. Exp Mech 60, 345–357 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-019-00560-w

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