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The effect of topography on landslide kinematics: a case study of the Jichang town landslide in Guizhou, China

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Abstract

On July 23, 2019, a large-scale landslide occurred in Jichang town, Shuicheng County, Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province in China. The landslide, which moved along two gullies, resulted in strong punching-shear, induced scarping on vegetation and large destruction of houses, and finally formed a deposit with a volume of 2 × 106 m3. This research aims to understand the effect of topography on landslide kinematics. To achieve this aim, a detailed field investigation was first carried out with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial photography survey, resident interviews, and field sampling. The rainfall analysis indicates the effective rainfall within 7 days before landslides was 70.14 mm which exceeded the rainfall threshold of 54.3 mm in this region, which finally triggered the landslide. Traditional soil mechanic tests were then performed to identify the soil properties of the source material. Combined with numerical simulation using the nonlinear shallow water equation, the whole process of landslides was divided into four stages: instability stage, acceleration stage, transformation stage, and impact and accumulation stage. The simulations results show the landslide block slid with a low velocity of 8 m/s for about 100 m. Then, Froude number of landslide increases from 2 to 3 when passing the high and steep terrain, indicating that landslide change to inertial dominated with potential same Froude behavior of classic debris flow. The rupture mass slid with the peak velocity of 23 m/s and diverged in two gullies and ran out for about 600 m. The maximum velocity is 23 m/s in east gully while only 15 m/s in west gully. Compared with deep and incised valleys in the west, shallow and straight valley in the east decreases the deposit depth and further increases the velocity of landslide material with increased runout distance. This research may provide a fast flow path of back analyzing geo-hazards on complex terrain and serve as a basis for future research on long runout landslides.

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Funding

The study here is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41790434) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA23090401), as well as the Major International (Regional) Joint Research Project (No. 41520104002), the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS (QYZDY-SSW-DQC006), and the National Key R&D program of China (No. 2017YFC1501302).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geological Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710064, China

    Jian Guo & Tonglu Li

  2. Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Hazards/Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Shujian Yi, Yanzhou Yin & Mingyue Qin

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Shujian Yi, Yanzhou Yin & Mingyue Qin

  4. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Yifei Cui & Chenyang Wang

  5. Water Cycle and Geological Environment Observation and Research Station for the Chinese Loess Plateau, Ministry of Education, Zhengning, 745399, China

    Tonglu Li

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  1. Jian Guo
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Correspondence to Yifei Cui.

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Guo, J., Yi, S., Yin, Y. et al. The effect of topography on landslide kinematics: a case study of the Jichang town landslide in Guizhou, China. Landslides 17, 959–973 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-019-01339-9

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