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Thermococcus indicus sp. nov., a Fe(III)-reducing hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from the Onnuri Vent Field of the Central Indian Ocean ridge

  • Microbial Systematics and Evolutionary Microbiology
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Abstract

A strictly anaerobic, dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing hyperthermophilic archaeon, designated as strain IOH1T, was isolated from a new deep-sea hydrothermal vent (Onnuri Vent Field) area in the Central Indian Ocean ridge. Strain IOH1T showed > 99% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Thermococcus celericrescens TS2T (99.4%) and T. siculi DSM 12349T (99.2%). Additional three species T. barossii SHCK-94T (99.0%), T. celer Vu13T (98.8%), and T. piezophilus (98.6%) showed > 98.6% of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, however, the maximum OrthoANI value is 89.8% for the genome of T. celericrescens TS2T. Strain IOH1T cells are coccoid, 1.2–1.8 μm in diameter, and motile by flagella. Growth was at 70–82°C (optimum 80°C), pH 5.4–8.0 (optimum pH 6.0) with 2–4% (optimum 3%) NaCl. Growth of strain IOH1T was enhanced by starch, pyruvate, D(+)-maltose and maltodextrin as a carbon sources, and elemental sulfur as an electron acceptor; clearly different from those of related species T. celecrescens DSM 17994T and T. siculi DSM 12349T. Strain IOH1T, T. celercrescence DSM 17994T, and T. siculi DSM 12349T reduced soluble Fe(III)-citrate present in the medium, whereas the amount of total cellular proteins increased with the concomitant accumulation of Fe(II). We determined a circular chromosome of 2,234 kb with an extra-chromosomal archaeal plasmid, pTI1, of 7.7 kb and predicted 2,425 genes. The DNA G + C content was 54.9 mol%. Based on physiological properties, phylogenetic, and genome analysis, we proposed that strain IOH1T (= KCTC 15844T = JCM 39077T) is assigned to a new species in the genus Thermococcus and named Thermococcus indicus sp. nov.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the KIOST In-house Program (PE99822) and the ‘Understanding of the deep-sea biosphere on seafloor hydrothermal vents in the Indian Ridge’ Program (No. 20170411) of the Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries of the Republic of Korea.

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  1. Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, 49111, Republic of Korea

    Jae Kyu Lim, Yun Jae Kim, Jhung-Ahn Yang, Teddy Namirimu, Sung-Hyun Yang, Mi-Jeong Park, Hyun Sook Lee, Sung Gyun Kang, Jung-Hyun Lee & Kae Kyoung Kwon

  2. KIOST School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea

    Jae Kyu Lim, Yun Jae Kim, Mi-Jeong Park, Hyun Sook Lee, Sung Gyun Kang, Jung-Hyun Lee & Kae Kyoung Kwon

  3. Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Chungcheongnam-do, 33662, Republic of Korea

    Yong Min Kwon

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Lim, J.K., Kim, Y.J., Yang, JA. et al. Thermococcus indicus sp. nov., a Fe(III)-reducing hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from the Onnuri Vent Field of the Central Indian Ocean ridge. J Microbiol. 58, 260–267 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-020-9424-9

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