Abstract
The unmanned aerial vehicle communication networks (UAVCN) comprises of a collection of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to build a network that can be used for many applications. These nodes autonomously fly in free space in ad-hoc mode to carry out the mission. However, the UAVs face some challenging issues during collaboration and communication. These nodes have high speed, hence the communication links fail to route the traffic that affects the routing mechanism. Therefore, UAVCN communication affecting the quality of service and facing the performance issue. Power is another major problem to limit and optimize the use of power, the energy-efficient mechanism is needed. In this paper, an attempt is made to explore the issues of unmanned aerial vehicle communication networks: UAVCN characteristics, UAVCN design issues, UAVCN applications, routing protocols, quality of service, power issue and identify the future open research areas which could be considered for further research to explore the UAVCN technology.
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Abbreviations
- AGPS:
-
Assisted GPS/Assisted global positioning system
- ACM:
-
Association for Computing Machinery
- AODV:
-
Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing
- AP:
-
Access points
- AU:
-
Application units
- BTS:
-
Base transceiver station
- BTS:
-
Busy to send
- CARUS:
-
Cooperative autonomous reconfigurable UAV swarm
- CTS:
-
Clear to send
- DARPA:
-
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- DDE:
-
Disaster damage estimation
- DGPS:
-
Differential GPS/Differential global positioning system
- DOLSR:
-
Directional optimized link state routing protocol
- DSR:
-
Dynamic source routing
- FANET:
-
Flying adhoc networks
- GHz:
-
Giga Hertz
- GPS:
-
Global positioning system
- IBN:
-
Infrastructure based networks
- IEEE:
-
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- ILN:
-
Infrastructure less networks
- ITS:
-
Intelligent transportation system
- LAN:
-
Local area network
- LODMAC:
-
Location-oriented directional MAC protocol for FANET
- LoS:
-
Line of sight
- MANET:
-
Mobile adhoc networks
- MBPS:
-
Mega bits per second
- MN:
-
Mobile node
- MS:
-
Master station
- NLoS:
-
Non line of sight
- OBU:
-
On borad units
- OLSR:
-
Optimized link state routing protocol
- PPRZM:
-
Paparazzi mobility model
- RSU:
-
Road side units
- RTS:
-
Request to send
- SCN:
-
Self configured network
- UAV:
-
Unmanned aerial vehicle
- UAVs:
-
Unmanned aerial vehicles
- UAVCN:
-
Unmanned aerial vehicle communication network
- UAVNET:
-
Unmanned aerial vehicle networks
- VANET:
-
Vehicular adhoc networks
- Wi-Fi:
-
Wireless fidelity
- WiMax:
-
Worldwide interoperability for microwave access
- WMN:
-
Wireless mesh networks
- WSN:
-
Wireless sensor
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The authors of this article would like to acknowledge the unconditional and continued support, in terms of providing resources and encouraging environment, of SZABIST. Authors would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions which certainly helped in the improvement of the manuscript. Lastly, they are grateful to the Editor of Journal Archives of Computational Method in Engineering for providing a platform for publishing the manuscript.
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Nawaz, H., Ali, H.M. & Laghari, A.A. UAV Communication Networks Issues: A Review. Arch Computat Methods Eng 28, 1349–1369 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-020-09418-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-020-09418-0