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CXCL-10: a new candidate for melanoma therapy?

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Abstract

Background

Melanoma is a malignancy that stems from melanocytes and is defined as the most dangerous skin malignancy in terms of metastasis and mortality rates. CXC motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), also known as interferon gamma-induced protein-10 (IP-10), is a small cytokine-like protein secreted by a wide variety of cell types. CXCL10 is a ligand of the CXC chemokine receptor-3 (CXCR3) and is predominantly expressed by T helper cells (Th cells), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells (NKs), as well as some epithelial and cancer cells. Similar to other chemokines, CXCL10 plays a role in immunomodulation, inflammation, hematopoiesis, chemotaxis and leukocyte trafficking.

Conclusions

Recent studies indicate that the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis may act as a double-edged sword in terms of pro- and anti-cancer activities in a variety of tissues and cells, especially in melanoma cells and their microenvironments. Most of these activities arise from the CXCR3 splice variants CXCR3-A, CXCR3-B and CXCR3-Alt. In this review, we discuss the pro- and anti-cancer properties of CXCL10 in various types of tissues and cells, particularly melanoma cells, including its potential as a therapeutic target.

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  1. Hossein Bagheri and Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran

    Hossein Bagheri

  2. Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh

  3. Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Maryam Derakhshan

  4. Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran

  5. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran

  6. Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran

    Faezeh Ghasemi

  7. Department of Chemical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

    Shabnam Mousavi & Rouhollah Rafiei

  8. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran

    Kazem Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi

  9. Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hamid Reza Mirzaei

  10. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R., Iran

    Hamed Mirzaei

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Bagheri, H., Pourhanifeh, M.H., Derakhshan, M. et al. CXCL-10: a new candidate for melanoma therapy?. Cell Oncol. 43, 353–365 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-020-00501-z

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