The Present and Future
JACC State-of-the-Art Review
Wearable Devices for Ambulatory Cardiac Monitoring: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.01.046Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Ambulatory cardiac monitoring devices allow collection of long-term data for diagnostics of clinical relevance.

  • Recent advancements have enabled affordable and reliable devices for early detection of important physiological events.

  • Improving adoption in the general population is leading to new paradigms of health care and personalized medicine.

Abstract

Ambulatory monitoring devices are enabling a new paradigm of health care by collecting and analyzing long-term data for reliable diagnostics. These devices are becoming increasingly popular for continuous monitoring of cardiac diseases. Recent advancements have enabled solutions that are both affordable and reliable, allowing monitoring of vulnerable populations from the comfort of their homes. They provide early detection of important physiological events, leading to timely alerts for seeking medical attention. In this review, the authors aim to summarize the recent developments in the area of ambulatory and remote monitoring solutions for cardiac diagnostics. The authors cover solutions based on wearable devices, smartphones, and other ambulatory sensors. The authors also present an overview of the limitations of current technologies, their effectiveness, and their adoption in the general population, and discuss some of the recently proposed methods to overcome these challenges. Lastly, we discuss the possibilities opened by this new paradigm, for the future of health care and personalized medicine.

Key Words

ambulatory
cardiac monitoring
mobile
telemetry
wireless

Abbreviations and Acronyms

AF
atrial fibrillation
BCG
ballistocardiogram
BP
blood pressure
ECG
electrocardiogram
HR
heart rate
MCT
Mobile Cardiac Telemetry
PPG
photoplethysmography
RR
respiratory rate
SCG
seismocardiography
SpO2
peripheral capillary oxygen saturation

Cited by (0)

The work was supported by an American Heart Association Grant-in-Aid (#15GRNT23070001), the American Heart Association Institute of Precision Medicine (17UNPG33840017), the RICBAC Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health (1 R01 HL135335-01, 1 R21 HL137870-01, and 1 R21EB026164-01) to Dr. Armoundas. Dr. Singh has served as a consultant for Abbott, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Biotronik, EBR, Toray, Impulse Dynamics, MicroPort, and BackBeat. Dr. Heist has served as a consultant for Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Abbott, and Medtronic. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Noel G. Boyle, MD, PhD, served as Guest Associate Editor for this paper.

Listen to this manuscript's audio summary by Editor-in-Chief Dr. Valentin Fuster on JACC.org.