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Congruously designed eco-curative integrated farming model designing and employment for sustainable encompassments

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Abstract

Eco-degradative features associated with the modern agriculture due to utilization of toxic agro-chemicals and intensified technologies need an urgent attention. Considering this need for eco-curativeness and eco-efficiency, current has for the first time employed an integrated farming system (IFS) through designing an appropriate assemblage of vegetables, poultry, and fish (VPF) and investigated its applied scale practicability in addition to the its role in the enhancement of the productivity and environmental quality maintenance. The practical employment of VPF model resulted in the remarkable improvement of soil fertility through an increment in the essential nutrient quantity. Physicochemical analysis of the soils expressed an improvement in the treated samples, i.e., pH (7.31), EC (0.92 dS/m), organic matter (2.97%), nitrogen (2.1 mg/kg), phosphorous (120.3 mg/kg), potassium (322 mg/kg), calcium (1482.0 mg/kg), and magnesium (471.5 mg/kg). Furthermore, ecological detoxification was expressed in form of lower heavy metals (HM) in the experimental soils. At the early plantation stage, HM concentration in the soils modified with nutrient-rich water signified considerably lower pattern with trend, i.e., Cd < Zn < Ni <Pb< Cu < Fe. The morphological growth of the vegetable plants, i.e., Lycopersicon esculentum L., Capsicum annum, and Abelmoschus esculentus, and fish species, i.e., Lobeo rohita and Clarias gariepinus, in the current investigation was remarkably good. Currently employed VPF model expressed a duality in completion of sustainability goals through production of good-quality vegetables in addition to environmental integrity boosting by complete elimination of need for toxic chemical inputs. Results of this research can be adopted for large-scale employment for production of augmented agricultural production in a completely sustainable manner.

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  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan

    Shazia Iram, Ayesha Iqbal, Khuram Shahzad Ahmad & Shaan Bibi Jaffri

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  1. Shazia Iram
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  2. Ayesha Iqbal
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Iram, S., Iqbal, A., Ahmad, K.S. et al. Congruously designed eco-curative integrated farming model designing and employment for sustainable encompassments. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 19543–19560 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08499-5

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