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Seroprevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B virus infection in blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be transmitted during blood donation. This study estimated the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B and associated risk factors in blood donors in Ethiopia. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. PubMed, African Journals Online (AJOL), the Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE), SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and JSTOR were accessed. Articles were searched from the Addis Ababa University research repository. The core search terms and phrases were “Hepatitis”, “Hepatitis B”, “Blood Donation”, “Blood Donor”, “Transfusion”, “Transfusion Transmissible Infections”, “Ethiopia”, “Addis Ababa”, “Adama”, “Bahirdar”, “Dire Dawa”, “Gondar”, “Mekelle”, “Hawassa”. The data were analyzed based on a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model using STATA 14 and Review Manager version 5.3. I2 was used to quantify between-study heterogeneity. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was done. Twenty-seven articles with 308,188 samples were included in the meta-analysis. The studies used HBsAg to diagnose hepatitis B. The pooled prevalence of HBV infection among blood donors was 4.91% (95% CI: 4.21-5.60; I2 = 99%). Male sex (p < 0.001), replacement donors (p = 0.007), history of tooth extraction (p < 0.001), and sharp material sharing (p < 0.001) were associated with increased risk, while being a repetitive blood donor was associated with a decreased risk of being infected with HBV (p = 0.02).

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Author notes

  1. Robera Olana Fite and Wesam Kotti contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

    Robera Olana Fite

  2. Lung Diseases and Allergy Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Wesam Kooti

  3. Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

    Gedion Asnake Azeze

  4. Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia

    Bekele Tesfaye

  5. Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita, Ethiopia

    Shemsu Nuriye Hagisso

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  1. Robera Olana Fite
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Contributions

ROF conceptualized and designed the study. ROF, WK, GAA, BT, and SNH searched and extracted the data. ROF and WK did the analysis. WK provided important intellectual input to revise the manuscript. All of the authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Robera Olana Fite or Wesam Kooti.

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Fite, R.O., Kooti, W., Azeze, G.A. et al. Seroprevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B virus infection in blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Virol 165, 1039–1048 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04591-w

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