Abstract
Laminated glass has a wide range of applications, but the cutting process is too cumbersome. In this paper, a novel laser composite separation method was proposed to separate the laminated glass by one time and simplify the cutting process from five steps to two steps for the first time by skillfully combining laser-induced thermal-crack propagation and laser thermal melting. This method generated three laser foci, and each laser focus is acting on one layer of laminated glass. Then, the composite mechanism combining laser-induced thermal-crack propagation for glass layers and laser thermal melting separation for PVB layer was realized to separate entire laminated glass. The experiments of separating laminated glass with thickness of 5 + 0.38 + 5 mm were carried out by laser composite separation successfully, and the separation side wall was very smooth (roughness of glass layer reached 10.24 nm) without any separation defects such as chipping, micro-cracks or subsurface damage. A mathematical model was also established to analyze the separation mechanism.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Fam, S. Rizkalla, Structural performance of laminated and unlaminated tempered glass under monotonic transverse loading. Constr. Build. Mater. 20(9), 761–768 (2006)
P. Foraboschi, Behavior and failure strength of laminated glass beams. J. Eng. Mech. 133(12), 1290–1301 (2007)
R. Montanini, F. Freni, Non-destructive evaluation of thick glass fiber-reinforced composites by means of optically excited lock-in thermography. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 43(11), 2075–2082 (2012)
L. Valarinho, J.R. Correia, M.M. Costa et al., Lateral-torsional buckling behaviour of long-span laminated glass beams: analytical, experimental and numerical study. Mater. Des. 102, 264–275 (2016)
I. Mohagheghian, M.N. Charalambides et al., Effect of the polymer interlayer on the high-velocity soft impact response of laminated glass plates. Int. J. Impact Eng. 120, 150–170 (2018)
E.P. Gellert, D.M. Turley, Seawater immersion ageing of glass-fiber reinforced polymer laminates for marine applications. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 30(11), 1259–1265 (1999)
M. Amin Samieian, D. Cormie et al., Temperature effects on laminated glass at high rate. Int. J. Impact Eng. 111, 177–186 (2018)
A. de Souza, G.F. Gomes, E.P. Peres et al., A numerical-experimental evaluation of the fatigue strain limits of CFRP subjected to dynamic compression loads. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 103, 219 (2019)
X.H. Zhang, H. Hao, G.W. Ma, Parametric study of laminated glass window response to blast loads. Eng. Struct. 56, 1707–1717 (2013)
M. Larcher, M. Teich, N. Gebbeken et al., Simulation of laminated glass loaded by air blast waves. Appl. Mech. Mater. 82, 69–74 (2011)
A. Warrier, A. Godara, O. Rochez, L. Mezzo, F. Luizi, L. Gorbatikh, S.V. Lomov, A.W. VanVuure, I. Verpoest, The effect of adding carbon nanotubes to glass/epoxy composites in the fibre sizing and/or the matrix. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 41(4), 532–538 (2010)
Z. Feng, X. Wang, J. Huang et al., Experimental and numerical study of optimum thickness of porous silica transition layer in aeronautic laminated glass. Mater. Des. 121, 367–372 (2017)
C.L. Tan, A.I. Azmi, Analytical study of critical thrust force for on-set delamination damage of drilling hybrid carbon/glass composite. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 92, 929 (2017)
X. Centelles, J. Ramon Castro, Luisa F. Cabeza, Experimental results of mechanical, adhesive, and laminated connections for laminated glass elements—a review. Eng. Struct. 180, 192–204 (2019)
G. Tunker, Process for producing a laminated glass pane, especially for a motor vehicle. United States Patent, US005443669A (1995)
C.Y. Zhao, H.Z. Zhang, L.J. Yang, Y. Wang, Y. Ding, Dual laser beam revising the separation path technology of laser induced thermal-crack propagation for asymmetric linear cutting glass. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 106, 43–55 (2016)
Y.C. Cai, M.L. Wang, H.Z. Zhang et al., Laser cutting sandwich structure glass–silicon–glass wafer with laser induced thermal-crack propagation. Opt. Laser Technol. 93(1), 49–59 (2017)
L.J. Yang, Y. Wang, Z.G. Tian, N. Cai, YAG laser cutting soda-lime glass with controlled fracture and volumetric heat absorption. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 50, 845–859 (2010)
J.K. Jiao, X.B. Wang, Cutting glass substrates with dual-laser beams. Opt. Laser Technol. 47(7–8), 860–864 (2009)
P. Liu, J. Duan, B.Y. Wu, L.M. Deng, Y. Shangguan, X.Y. Zeng, X.Z. Wang, A flexible multi-focus laser separation technology for thick glass. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 135, 12–23 (2018)
L.M. Deng, H. Yang, X.Y. Zeng, B.Y. Wu, P. Liu, X.Z. Wang, J. Duan, Study on mechanics and key technologies of laser nondestructive mirror-separation for KDP crystal. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 94, 26–36 (2015)
J. Duan, P. Liu, L.M. Deng, X.Y. Zeng, A method and device for multi-focus laser separating laminated glass, In: S.I.P.O. P.R.C. (Ed.) State Intellectual Property Office of the P.R.C., China (2016)
J. Duan, P. Liu, L.M. Deng, X.Y. Zeng, A device for multi-focus laser separating laminated glass, In: S.I.P.O, (Ed.) State Intellectual Property Office of the P.R.C., China (2016)
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51675205 and 51475182).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, P., Deng, L., Zhang, F. et al. Study on high-efficiency separation of laminated glass by skillfully combining laser-induced thermal-crack propagation and laser thermal melting. Appl. Phys. A 126, 286 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-3461-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-3461-4