Abstract
Recently, the use of natural materials has grown in the plastics industry. In this study, novel bio-nanocomposites were developed from poly(lactic acid)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PLA/PCL) blends and silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNP). SFNP were successfully synthesized from silk fibroin (SF) and analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The obtained results revealed that the well-ordered structures in SF were changed to the amorphous structures in SFNP. Then (PLA/PCL) blends containing 10–30% of PCL were prepared and characterized. According to the obtained results, the PLA/PCL (70/30) blend was selected as the optimized sample for further studies. The scanning electron microscopy results illustrated that the addition of 1% of SFNP into this blend improved the compatibility between PLA and PCL and reduced the PCL droplet sizes from 1.170 ± 92 to 794 ± 46 nm. The results from TGA analysis indicated that the presence of SFNP enhanced the thermal stability of materials at high temperatures. The crystallization kinetics results revealed that while SFNP promoted the crystallization of neat PLA, the crystallization rate of PLA/PCL blend was decreased upon the incorporation of nanofiller. Furthermore, the PLA/PCL/SFNP exhibited higher microhardness and barrier properties than the neat blend. The results suggest that the developed bio-nanocomposites are promising materials for demanding applications such as food packaging.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wang D, Lu X, Qu J (2017) Polym Compost 39:3057
Muller J, González-Martínez C, Chiralt A (2017) Materials (Basel) 10:952
Bharimalla AK, Deshmukh SP, Vigneshwaran N et al (2017) Polym Plast Technol Eng 56:805
Köhler-Hammer C, Knippers J, Hammer MR (2016) Bio-based Plastic for building facades. Elsevier, Stuttgart
Kellersztein I, Amir E, Dotan A (2016) Polym Adv Technol 27:657
Yeh J-T, Wu C-J, Tsou C-H et al (2009) Polym Plast Technol Eng 48:571
Ojijo V, Sinha Ray S, Sadiku R (2013) ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5:4266
Murariu M, Da Silva FA, Alexandre M, Dubois P (2008) Polym Adv Technol 19:636
Cheung H-Y, Lau K-T, Pow Y-F et al (2010) Compos Part B Eng 41:223
Hasook A, Tanoue S, Iemoto Y, Unryu T (2006) Polym Eng Sci 46:1001
Pillin I, Montrelay N, Grohens Y (2006) Polymer (Guildf) 47:4676
Broz ME, VanderHart DL, Washburn NR (2003) Biomaterials 24:4181
Wu D, Lin D, Zhang J et al (2011) Macromol Chem Phys 212:613
Hoidy WH, Ahmad MB, Al-Mulla EAJ, Ibrahim NAB (2010) J Appl Sci 10:97
Decol M, Pachekoski WM, Becker D (2018) J Appl Polym Sci 135:44849
Bouakaz BS, Habi A, Grohens Y, Pillin I (2017) Appl Clay Sci 139:81
Luzi F, Fortunati E, Puglia D et al (2015) Polym Degrad Stab 121:105
Yang W, Dominici F, Fortunati E et al (2015) Ind Crops Prod 77:833
Tesfaye M, Patwa R, Kommadath R et al (2016) Thermochim Acta 643:41
Koh L-D, Cheng Y, Teng C-P et al (2015) Prog Polym Sci 46:86
Chomachayi MD, Solouk A, Akbari S et al (2018) J Biomed Mater Res Part A 106:1092
Chomachayi MD, Solouk A, Mirzadeh H (2019) J Ind Text 49:1
Balali S, Davachi SM, Sahraeian R et al (2018) Biomacromol 19:4358
Patwa R, Kumar A, Katiyar V (2018) J Appl Polym Sci 135:46671
Chomachayi MD, Solouk A, Mirzadeh H (2016) Prog Biomater 5:71
Tao Y, Xu W, Yan Y, Cao Y (2012) Polym Int 61:760
Haque MM-U, Puglia D, Fortunati E, Pracella M (2017) React Funct Polym 110:1
Beltrán FR, de la Orden MU, Lorenzo V et al (2016) Polymer (Guildf) 107:211
Beltrán FR, Barrio I, Lorenzo V et al (2019) J Clean Prod 219:46
Beltrán FR, Lorenzo V, de la Orden MU, Martínez-Urreaga J (2016) Polym Degrad Stab 133:339
Deroiné M, Le Duigou A, Corre Y-M et al (2014) Polym Degrad Stab 108:319
Itim B, Philip M (2015) Polym Degrad Stab 117:84
Heseltine PL, Hosken J, Agboh C et al (2019) Macromol Mater Eng 304:1800577
Di Foggia M, Taddei P, Torreggiani A et al (2011) Proteomics Res J 2:231
Lu Q, Zhang B, Li M et al (2011) Biomacromol 12:1080
Noishiki Y, Nishiyama Y, Wada M et al (2002) J Appl Polym Sci 86:3425
Chomachayi MD, Solouk A, Mirzadeh H (2019) Fibers Polym 20:1594
Wang R, Pu D, Dong Y et al (2017) Mater Lett 206:5
Trabbic KA, Yager P (1998) Macromolecules 31:462
Um IC, Kweon H, Park YH, Hudson S (2001) Int J Biol Macromol 29:91
Ray S, Cooney RP (2018) In: Handbook of environmental degradation of materials. Elsevier, Auckland, p 185
Mamun A, Rahman SMM, Roland S, Mahmood R (2018) J Polym Environ 26:3511
Magoshi J, Nakamura S (1975) J Appl Polym Sci 19:1013
Nematollahi M, Jalali-Arani A, Modarress H (2019) Polym Int 68:779
Ghasemi-Mobarakeh L, Prabhakaran MP, Morshed M et al (2010) Mater Sci Eng C 30:1129
Edith D, Six J-L, Others (2006) Appl Surf Sci 253:2758
Elzein T, Nasser-Eddine M, Delaite C et al (2004) J Colloid Interface Sci 273:381
Chen C-C, Chueh J-Y, Tseng H et al (2003) Biomaterials 24:1167
Dhar P, Tarafder D, Kumar A, Katiyar V (2016) Polymer (Guildf) 87:268
Senthil Muthu Kumar T, Rajini N, Siengchin S et al (2019) Int J Polym Anal Charact 24:439
Yu L, Liu H, Dean K, Chen L (2008) J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 46:2630
Di Lorenzo ML (2006) J Appl Polym Sci 100:3145
Matsuba G, Shimizu K, Wang H et al (2004) Polymer (Guildf) 45:5137
Suryanegara L, Nakagaito AN, Yano H (2009) Compos Sci Technol 69:1187
Li H, Huneault MA (2007) Polymer (Guildf) 48:6855
Papageorgiou GZ, Achilias DS, Bikiaris DN, Karayannidis GP (2005) Thermochim Acta 427:117
Shin BY et al (2017) Korea Aust Rheol J 29:295
Wurm A, Zhuravlev E, Eckstein K et al (2012) Macromolecules 45:3816
Tsuji H, Ikada Y (1996) J Appl Polym Sci 60:2367
Jelcic Z, Holjevac-Grguric T, Rek V (2005) Polym Degrad Stab 90:295
Moustafa H, Galliard H, Vidal L, Dufresne A (2017) Eur Polym J 87:188
Chen J-H, Chen C-C, Yang M-C (2011) J Polym Res 18:2151
Beltrán FR, Gaspar G, Dadras Chomachayi M et al (2020) Environ Sci Pollut Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08025-7
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Perstorp Co. Ltd., Sweden, for supplying the PCL Capa™ 6800, MINECO-Spain (Project CTM2017-88989-P) and Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Project UPM RP 160543006). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 860407 BIO-PLASTICS EUROPE.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dadras Chomachayi, M., Jalali-arani, A., Beltrán, F.R. et al. Biodegradable Nanocomposites Developed from PLA/PCL Blends and Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles: Study on the Microstructure, Thermal Behavior, Crystallinity and Performance. J Polym Environ 28, 1252–1264 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01684-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01684-0