Abstract
Aims
Belowground carbon transfer from plant to plant has been extensively described, but such transfer for nitrogen has been less thoroughly investigated when the donor is a non-N2-fixing species. This study, applied to forest regeneration, aimed to determine whether tree seedlings facilitated neighbouring grass growth through nitrogen transfer at an early stage of development, thus facilitating nitrogen acquisition by understory species.
Methods
Quercus petraea seedlings were planted in pots either sole-grown or mixed-grown with Molinia caerulea tufts or another oak seedling. 15N-urea pulse-chase labelling (cotton wick method) was performed in oak shoots and the fate of 15N in each soil and plant compartment was tracked for one year. N transfer pathways were investigated using two degrees of physical separation between root systems.
Results
Molinia dry weight was higher when mixed-grown with oak seedlings than when sole-grown. Increase in grass dry weight correlated with N transfer from donor oak to receiver Molinia. Interestingly, the presence of Molinia increased N rhizodeposition of oak. N allocation in donor oak towards root in winter and shoot in spring was enhanced.
Conclusions
Oak seedlings facilitated Molinia growth through rapid N transfer, underlining the ability of non-N2-fixing species to supply N to neighbours. 15N allocation within donor oak and its rhizodeposition depended on neighbour identity.
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Change history
30 April 2020
In the published version of this paper, the titles for figures 3 and 4 should be presented as below:
Abbreviations
- SG:
-
Sole-grown
- Mesh1:
-
1 μm Mesh
- Mesh30:
-
30 μm Mesh
- MG:
-
Mixed-grown
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The authors thank André Marquier, Christophe Serre, Pascal Walser, Camille Couteau and Brigitte Saint-Joanis for their valuable help in processing plant material.
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Figure S1.
Relative allocation of 15N among shoots, roots and soil in donor oak mixed-grown with receiver oak plant (white filling) or receiver Molinia tuft (black filling) according to season (summer, autumn, winter and spring) and treatment of root separation (sole-grown, Mesh1, Mesh 30 and mixed-grown). Values are reported as means ± SE (n = 4). (PDF 27 kb)
Figure S2.
Relative allocation of 15N among shoots, roots and soil in receiver oak plant (white filling) and receiver Molinia tuft (black filling) according to seasons (summer, autumn, winter and spring) and treatment of root separation (sole-grown, Mesh1, Mesh 30 and mixed-grown). Values are reported as means ± SE (n = 4). (PDF 26 kb)
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Fernandez, M., Malagoli, P., Vernay, A. et al. Below-ground nitrogen transfer from oak seedlings facilitates Molinia growth: 15N pulse-chase labelling. Plant Soil 449, 343–356 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04473-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04473-9