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Associations between circulating bone-derived hormones lipocalin 2, osteocalcin, and glucose metabolism in acromegaly

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim was to examine changes in the bone-derived hormone lipocalin 2 (LCN2) levels in patients with active acromegaly and to investigate the potential roles of LCN2 and osteocalcin in glucose metabolism.

Methods

We recruited 50 consecutive acromegalic patients. Of those, 39 patients with complete postoperative follow-up data were included. Thirty sex-, age-, and BMI-matched healthy individuals were recruited as normal controls. The pre- and postoperative serum LCN2 and osteocalcin levels were compared. The homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and secretion [β-cell function (HOMA-β)] were calculated.

Results

Compared with controls, acromegalic subjects had lower LCN2 levels (34.15 ± 9.95 vs 57.50 ± 29.75 ng/mL, P < 0.01) and higher osteocalcin levels (55.45 ± 34.02 vs 19.46 ± 6.69 ng/mL, P < 0.01). Acromegalic patients also had elevated HOMA-IR levels, and the HOMA-β and the area under the curve for insulin (AUC INS) levels were slightly but nonsignificantly increased. The serum levels of LCN2 significantly increased after surgery (37.03 ± 9.73 vs 45.15 ± 15.33 ng/mL, P < 0.05), and those of osteocalcin significantly decreased [43.51 (26.73–65.66) vs 24.79 (18.39–32.59) ng/mL, P < 0.01]. Total lean mass was the only positive predictor of LCN2, and elevated serum IGF-I was a positive predictor of osteocalcin. Low LCN2 and elevated serum osteocalcin levels were predictors of the AUC INS, and osteocalcin was a positive predictor of HOMA-β.

Conclusion

The bone-derived hormones, osteocalcin and LCN2 changed significantly in active acromegaly, were altered after treatment and served as predictors of β-cell function in acromegaly. This study shows that the bone could be involved in regulating glucose metabolism in acromegaly.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant Number 81970689), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant Number BK20181116) and the Project of Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent.

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Author notes

  1. Y. Zhang, M. Liu and H. Chen contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of China

    Y. Zhang, M. Liu, H. Chen, K. Zhu, W. Feng, D. Zhu & P. Li

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  1. Y. Zhang
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  3. H. Chen
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  4. K. Zhu
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Contributions

LP supervised the project and approved the final version of the manuscript to be submitted. ZY, LMS, and CH designed the research; ZKY and FWH performed all patient selection and data collection processes; ZY drafted the initial manuscript; and LP and ZDL critically revised the manuscript. All of the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. Li.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethics approval

All procedures were performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and institutional guidelines. The study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School.

Research involving human participants and/or animals

This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

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All patients provided written informed consent to participate.

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Zhang, Y., Liu, M., Chen, H. et al. Associations between circulating bone-derived hormones lipocalin 2, osteocalcin, and glucose metabolism in acromegaly. J Endocrinol Invest 43, 1309–1316 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-020-01221-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-020-01221-9

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