Abstract
In order to overcome the security weakness of the discrete chaotic sequence caused by small Lyapunov exponent and keyspace, a general chaotic construction method by cascading multiple high-dimensional isomorphic maps is presented in this paper. Compared with the original map, the parameter space of the resulting chaotic map is enlarged many times. Moreover, the cascaded system has larger chaotic domain and bigger Lyapunov exponents with proper parameters. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the presented method, the generalized 3-D Hénon map is utilized as an example to analyze the dynamical behaviors under various cascade modes. Diverse maps are obtained by cascading 3-D Hénon maps with different parameters or different permutations. It is worth noting that some new dynamical behaviors, such as coexisting attractors and hyperchaotic attractors are also discovered in cascaded systems. Finally, an application of image encryption is delivered to demonstrate the excellent performance of the obtained chaotic sequences.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aihara K, Takabe T, Toyoda M (1990) Chaotic neural networks. Phys Lett A 144(6–7):333–340
Baier G, Klein M (1990) Maximum hyperchaos in generalized Hénon maps. Phys Lett A 151(6–7):281–284
Balasubramaniam P, Chandran R, Theesar SJS (2011) Synchronization of chaotic nonlinear continuous neural networks with time-varying delay. Cogn Neurodyn 5(4):361–371
Bao B, Qian H, Wang J, Xu Q, Chen M, Wu H, Yu Y (2017a) Numerical analyses and experimental validations of coexisting multiple attractors in Hopfield neural network. Nonlinear Dyn 90(4):2359–2369
Bao B, Qian H, Xu Q, Chen M, Wang J, Yu Y (2017b) Coexisting behaviors of asymmetric attractors in hyperbolic-type memristor based Hopfield neural network. Front Comput Neurosci 11:81
Chen M, Sun M, Bao B, Wu H, Xu Q, Wang J (2018) Controlling extreme multistability of memristor emulator-based dynamical circuit in flux-charge domain. Nonlinear Dyn 91(2):1395–1412
Chen C, Chen J, Bao H, Chen M, Bao B (2019) Coexisting multi-stable patterns in memristor synapse-coupled Hopfield neural network with two neurons. Nonlinear Dyn 95(4):3385–3399
Daniel C, Ion T (2014) On the security of a new image encryption scheme based on a chaotic function. Signal Image Video Process 8(4):641–646
Dong J, Zhang G, Xie Y, Yao H, Wang J (2014) Dynamic behavior analysis of fractional-order Hindmarsh–Rose neuronal model. Cogn Neurodyn 8(2):167–175
Du Y, Wang R, Han F, Lu Q (2015) Parameter-dependent synchronization of coupled neurons in cold receptor model. Int J Non-Linear Mech 70:95–104
Dudkowski D, Jafari S, Kapitaniak T, Kuznetsov NV, Leonov GA, Prasad A (2016) Hidden attractors in dynamical systems. Phys Rep 637:1–50
Hong Q, Li Y, Wang X, Zeng Z (2018) A versatile pulse control method to generate arbitrary multi-direction multi-butterfly chaotic attractors. IEEE Trans Comput-Aided Des Integr 38(8):1480–1492
Hong Q, Wu Q, Wang X (2019) Novel nonlinear function shift method for generating multiscroll attractors using memristor-based control circuit. IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr (VLSI) Syst 27(5):1174–1185
Hua Z, Zhou Y (2015) Dynamic parameter-control chaotic system. IEEE Trans Cybern 46(12):3330–3341
Hua Z, Zhou Y (2017) One-dimensional nonlinear model for producing chaos. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst I-Regul Pap 65(1):235–246
Hua Z, Zhou B, Zhou Y (2017) Sine-transform-based chaotic system with FPGA implementation. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 65(3):2557–2566
Irak M, Soylu C, Turan G, Çapan D (2019) Neurobiological basis of feeling of knowing in episodic memory. Cogn Neurodyn 13(3):239–256
Jia B, Gu H, Li L, Zhao X (2012) Dynamics of period-doubling bifurcation to chaos in the spontaneous neural firing patterns. Cogn Neurodyn 6(1):89–106
Leonov GA, Kuznetsov NV (2013) Hidden attractors in dynamical systems. From hidden oscillations in Hilbert–Kolmogorov, Aizerman, and Kalman problems to hidden chaotic attractor in Chua circuits. Int J Bifurc Chaos 23(1):1330002
Li MW, Geng J, Han DF, Zheng TJ (2016) Ship motion prediction using dynamic seasonal RvSVR with phase space reconstruction and the chaos adaptive efficient FOA. Neurocomputing 174:661–680
Li C, Sprott JC, Kapitaniak T, Lu T (2018) Infinite lattice of hyperchaotic strange attractors. Chaos Solitons Fractals 109:76–82
Liu Y, Li S, Liu Z, Wang R (2016) High codimensional bifurcation analysis to a six-neuron BAM neural network. Cogn Neurodyn 10(2):149–164
Lorenz EN (1963) Deterministic nonperiodic flow. J Atmos Sci 20(2):130–141
Mora-Sánchez A, Dreyfus G, Vialatte FB (2019) Scale-free behaviour and metastable brain-state switching driven by human cognition, an empirical approach. Cogn Neurodyn 13(5):437–452
Muñoz-Pacheco JM, Guevara-Flores DK, Félix-Beltrán OG, Tlelo-Cuautle E, Barradas-Guevara JE, Volos CK (2018) Experimental verification of optimized multiscroll chaotic oscillators based on irregular saturated functions. Complexity 2018:3151840
Puanhvuan D, Khemmachotikun S, Wechakarn P, Wijarn B, Wongsawat Y (2017) Navigation-synchronized multimodal control wheelchair from brain to alternative assistive technologies for persons with severe disabilities. Cogn Neurodyn 11(2):117–134
Qu J, Wang R, Du Y, Cao J (2012) Synchronization study in ring-like and grid-like neuronal networks. Cogn Neurodyn 6(1):21–31
Sambas A, Vaidyanathan S, Tlelo-Cuautle E, Zhang S, Guillen-Fernandez O, Hidayat Y, Gundara G et al (2019a) A novel chaotic system with two circles of equilibrium points: multistability, electronic circuit and FPGA realization. Electronics 8(11):1211
Sambas A, Vaidyanathan S, Zhang S, Zeng Y, Mohamed MA, Mamat M (2019b) A new double-wing chaotic system with coexisting attractors and line equilibrium: bifurcation analysis and electronic circuit simulation. IEEE Access 7:115454–115462
Vaidyanathan S, Dolvis LG, Jacques K, Lien CH, Sambas A (2019a) A new five-dimensional four-wing hyperchaotic system with hidden attractor, its electronic circuit realisation and synchronisation via integral sliding mode control. Int J Model Identif Control 32(1):30–45
Vaidyanathan S, Sambas A, Zhang S, Zeng Y, Mohamed MA, Mamat M (2019b) A new two-scroll chaotic system with two nonlinearities: dynamical analysis and circuit simulation. Telkomnika 17(5):2465–2474
Wang L (2007) Interactions between neural networks: a mechanism for tuning chaos and oscillations. Cogn Neurodyn 1(2):185–188
Wang G, Yuan F (2013) Cascade chaos and its dynamic characteristics. Acta Phys Sin 62(2):020506
Wang H, Wang Q, Lu Q, Zheng Y (2013) Equilibrium analysis and phase synchronization of two coupled hr neurons with gap junction. Cogn Neurodyn 7(2):121–131
Wang G, Yuan F, Chen G, Zhang Y (2018) Coexisting multiple attractors and riddled basins of a memristive system. Chaos 28(1):013125
Wu Y, Zhou Y, Bao L (2014) Discrete wheel-switching chaotic system and applications. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst I-Regul Pap 61(12):3469–3477
Xiao M, Cao J (2010) Approximate expressions of the bifurcating periodic solutions in a neuron model with delay-dependent parameters by perturbation approach. Cogn Neurodyn 4(3):241–250
Zhang S, Zeng Y, Li Z, Wang M, Xiong L (2018a) Generating one to four-wing hidden attractors in a novel 4D no-equilibrium chaotic system with extreme multistability. Chaos 28(1):013113
Zhang S, Zeng YC, Li ZJ (2018b) A novel four-dimensional no-equilibrium hyper-chaotic system with grid multiwing hyper-chaotic hidden attractors. J Comput Nonlinear Dyn 13(9):090908
Zheng G, Tonnelier A (2009) Chaotic solutions in the quadratic integrate-and-fire neuron with adaptation. Cogn Neurodyn 3(3):197–204
Zommara NM, Takahashi M, Ounjai K, Lauwereyns J (2018) A gaze bias with coarse spatial indexing during a gambling task. Cogn Neurodyn 12(2):171–181
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2016YFB0800402, the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61936004 and 61673188 and 61673188, the Innovation Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61821003, the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of Hubei Province of China under Grant 2017CFA005 and the 111 Project on Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Control under Grant B18024.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wu, Q., Zhang, F., Hong, Q. et al. Research on cascading high-dimensional isomorphic chaotic maps. Cogn Neurodyn 15, 157–167 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-020-09583-9
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-020-09583-9